Related papers: Hadronic multiparticle production in extensive air…
Change of the energy characteristics of muon bundles with an increase of the primary cosmic ray particles energy can be a key to solving the problem of muon excess in the extensive air showers (EAS) observed in a number of experiments. In…
Current and future challenges in astroparticle physics require novel simulation tools to achieve higher precision and more flexibility. For three decades the FORTRAN version of CORSIKA served the community in an excellent way. However, the…
The contribution of different components of an air shower to the total energy deposit in the atmosphere, for different angles and primary particles, was studied using the CORSIKA air shower simulation code. The amount of missing energy,…
An efficient scheme for one-dimensional extensive air shower simulation and its implementation in the program CONEX are presented. Explicit Monte Carlo simulation of the high-energy part of hadronic and electromagnetic cascades in the…
Several air shower observatories have established that the number of muons produced in UHE air showers is significantly larger than that predicted by models. We argue that the only solution to this muon deficit, compatible with the observed…
At ground level, the azimuthal distribution of muons in inclined Extensive Air Showers (EAS) is asymmetric, mainly due to geometric effects. Several EAS observables sensitive to the primary particle mass, are constructed after mapping the…
The most important goal of studying an extensive air shower is to find the energy, mass and arrival direction of its primary cosmic ray. In order to find these parameters, the core position and arrival direction of the shower should be…
A comparative study of simulated air shower longitudinal profiles is presented. An appropriate thinning level for the calculations is first determined empirically. High statistics results are then provided, over a wide energy range,…
Simulations of radio emission from extensive air showers we have published so far were performed with a Monte Carlo code using analytical parametrisations to describe the spatial, temporal, energy and angular particle distributions in the…
The electromagnetic and the muonic longitudinal profile at production enclosure important information about the primary particle and the hadronic interactions that rule the shower development. In fact, these two profiles provide two…
The properties of cosmic rays with energies above 1PeV have to be deduced from the spacetime structure and particle content of the air showers which they initiate. In this review, a summary of the phenomenology of these giant air showers is…
The energy spectrum of muons at ground level in air showers are studied and a new observable is proposed to constrain hadronic interaction models used in air shower simulations. An asymmetric Gaussian function is proposed to describe the…
Hadronic interaction models at cosmic ray (CR) energies are inherently uncertain due to the lack of a fundamental theoretical description of soft hadronic and nuclear interactions and the large extrapolation required from collider energies…
Cosmic ray data may allow the determination of the proton-air cross section at ultra-high energy. For example, the distribution of the first interaction point in air showers reflects the particle production cross section. As it is not…
A precise evaluation of the secondary particle production and propagation in the atmosphere is very important for the atmospheric neutrino oscillation studies. The issue is addressed with the extension of a previously developed full…
The program CORSIKA, usually used to simulate extensive cosmic ray air showers, has been adapted to a water medium in order to study the acoustic detection of ultra high energy neutrinos. Showers in water from incident protons and from…
Cosmic rays from outer space enter the atmosphere with energies of up to 10^{11} GeV. The initial particle or a secondary hadron inside the shower may then interact with an air nucleon to produce nonstandard particles. In this article we…
Cosmic rays have valuable information about universe surroundings us. Finding energy, mass and arrival direction of primary cosmic ray particle are the most important aspects of extensive air shower studies. In order to determine these…
We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower…
The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical…