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In observational studies with dichotomous outcome of a population, researchers need to present the effects of exposures and interaction between the exposures jointly in order to learn the relationship between the exposure effects and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-22 Xiaoqin Wang , Weimin Ye , Li Yin

While a few methods for the determination of depth-resolved strain distributions each with inherent limitations are available, tomographic reconstruction has been applied to this problem in only a limited sense. One of the challenges was…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Peter Modregger , Ahmar Khaliq , Felix Wittwer

Strong lensing time delay cosmography has excellent complementarity with other dark energy probes, and will soon have abundant systems detected. We investigate two issues in the imaging and spectroscopic followup required to obtain the time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-16 Eric V. Linder

The normalization constant of the lateral distribution function (LDF) of an extensive air shower is a monotonous (almost linear) increasing function of the energy of the primary. Therefore, the interpolated signal at some fixed distance…

A new scheme for a double-slit experiment in the time domain is presented. Phase-stabilized few-cycle laser pulses open one to two windows (``slits'') of attosecond duration for photoionization. Fringes in the angle-resolved energy spectrum…

We introduce several coordinate invariant statistical procedures in order to test for local alignment of polarizations. A large scale alignment of optical polarizations from distant QSOs has recently been observed by \huts and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Pankaj Jain , Gaurav Narain , S. Sarala

In this paper, metallic behavior of magneto optic materials in slit arrays under the incident of TM wave is analyzed by mode matching technique and confirmed by full wave simulations. It is shown that tensor electric permittivity of such…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-16 Payman Pahlavan

Focal ratio degradation (FRD) is a major contributor to throughput and light loss in a fibre spectroscopic telescope system. We combine the guided mode theory in geometric optics and a well-known model, power distribution model (PDM), to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Yunxiang Yan , Gang Wang , Weimin Sun , A-Li Luo , Zhenyu Ma , Jian Li , Shuqing Wang

A high degree of linear polarization measured in the optical emission is an important observational feature of blazars. It provides strong evidence of the presence of relativistic particles and magnetic field ordering in the non-thermal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-17 K K Singh , A Singh , A Tolamatti , P J Meintjes , K K Yadav

When using optimal linear prediction to interpolate point observations of a mean square continuous stationary spatial process, one often finds that the interpolant mostly depends on those observations located nearest to the predictand. This…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-09 Michael L. Stein

In spectroscopic ellipsometry, the optical properties of materials are obtained indirectly by generally assuming dielectric function and optical models. This ellipsometry analysis, which typically requires numerous model parameters, has…

We designed and constructed a special instrument to enable the determination of the stellar's spin orientation. The Differential image rotator for Stellar Spin Orientation, DeSSpOt, allows the simultaneous observations of two anti-parallel…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Anna-Lea Lesage , Magnus Schneide , Günter Wiedemann

When inverting solar spectra, image degradation effects that are present in the data are usually approximated or not considered. We develop a data reduction method that takes these issues into account and minimizes the resulting errors. By…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 M. van Noort

Selection of the correct convergence angle is essential for achieving the highest resolution imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Use of poor heuristics, such as Rayleigh's quarter-phase rule, to assess probe quality…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-10-29 Noah Schnitzer , Suk Hyun Sung , Robert Hovden

Speckle patterns are a powerful tool for high-precision metrology, as they allow remarkable performance in relatively simple setups. Nonetheless, researchers in this field follow rather distinct paths due to underappreciated general…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-16 Morgan Facchin , Saba N. Khan , Kishan Dholakia , Graham D. Bruce

Study of the tilt angles of solar bipolar magnetic regions is important because the tilt angles have an important role in the solar dynamo. We analysed the data on tilt angles of sunspot groups measured at the Mt. Wilson Observatory (MWOB)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-08 J. Javaraiah

All commercial electron spin polarimeters work in single channel mode, which is the bottleneck of researches by spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. By adopting the time inversion antisymmetry of magnetic field, we developed a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-02-12 Tan Shi , Fuhao Ji , Mao Ye , Weishi Wan , Shan Qiao

Strong gravitational lensing enables a wide range of science: probing cosmography; testing dark matter models; understanding galaxy evolution; and magnifying the faint, small and distant Universe. However to date exploiting strong lensing…

A lattice-based model for continuum percolation is applied to the case of randomly located, partially aligned sticks with unequal lengths in 2D which are allowed to cross each other. Results are obtained for the critical number of sticks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-17 Avik P. Chatterjee , Yuri Yu. Tarasevich

Signals with single peak and symmetry property are very common in various fields, such as probability density function of normal distribution. Among the information contained in such signals, peak position is the most important, sometimes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-15 Wei Chen