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Maps of cosmic microwave background (CMB) are extracted from multi-frequency observations using a variety of cleaning procedures. However, in regions of strong microwave emission, particularly in the galactic plane from our own galaxy Milky…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-01 Sanjeet K. Patel , Pavan K. Aluri , Pranati K. Rath , Pramoda K. Samal

One of the fundamental problems in extracting the cosmic microwave background signal (CMB) from millimeter/submillimeter observations is the pollution by emission from the Milky Way: synchrotron, free-free, and thermal dust emission. To…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 H. U. Nørgaard - Nielsen

We derive the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropy two-point correlation function (including off-diagonal correlations) from broken spatial isotropy due to an arbitrarily oriented homogeneous cosmological magnetic field.

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Tina Kahniashvili , George Lavrelashvili , Bharat Ratra

Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy is our richest source of cosmological information; the standard cosmological model was largely established thanks to study of the temperature anisotropies. By the end of the decade, the Planck…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 James G. Bartlett

The recently detected polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) holds the potential for revealing the physics of inflation and gravitationally mapping the large-scale structure of the universe, if so called B-mode signals below…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Wayne Hu , Matthew M. Hedman , Matias Zaldarriaga

The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) mapped the distribution of temperature and polarization over the entire sky in five microwave frequency bands. These full-sky maps were used to obtain measurements of temperature and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Eiichiro Komatsu , Charles L. Bennett

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is one of the finest probes of cosmology. Its all-sky temperature and linear polarization (LP) fluctuations have been measured precisely at a level of deltaT/TCMB ~10^{-6}. In comparison, circular…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-03 Soma King , Philip Lubin

As cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons traverse the Universe, anisotropies can be induced via Thomson scattering (proportional to the integrated electron density; optical depth) and inverse Compton scattering (proportional to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-14 Anirban Roy , Alexander van Engelen , Vera Gluscevic , Nicholas Battaglia

We review aspects of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectral distortions which do not appear to have been fully explored in the literature. In particular, implications of recent evidences of heating of the intergalactic medium (IGM) by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-13 G. De Zotti , M. Negrello , G. Castex , A. Lapi , M. Bonato

Several anomalies appear to be present in the large-angle cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy maps of WMAP. One of these is a lack of large-scale power. Because the data otherwise match standard models extremely well, it is natural…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Emory F. Bunn , Austin Bourdon

We propose a novel representation of cosmic microwave anisotropy maps, where each multipole order l is represented by l unit vectors pointing in directions on the sky and an overall magnitude. These "multipole vectors and scalars" transform…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 C. J. Copi , D. Huterer , G. D. Starkman

The presence of a dipolar statistical anisotropy in the spectrum of cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations was reported by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), and has recently been confirmed in the Planck 2013 analysis…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-04-29 Sugumi Kanno , Misao Sasaki , Takahiro Tanaka

In universes with significant curvature or cosmological constant, cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are created very recently via the Rees-Sciama or integrated Sachs-Wolfe effects. This causes the CMB anisotropies to become…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. P. Boughn , R. G. Crittenden , N. G. Turok

We cross-correlate a 19 GHz full sky Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) survey with other maps to quantify the foreground contribution. Correlations are detected with the Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE) 240, 140 and 100 micron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Angelica de Oliveira-Costa , Max Tegmark , Lyman Page , Steven Boughn

The low multipole anomalies of the Cosmic Microwave Background has received much attention during the last few years. It is still not ascertained whether these anomalies are indeed primordial or the result of systematics or foregrounds. An…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-01 M. Hansen , J. Kim , A. M. Frejsel , S. Ramazanov , P. Naselsky , W. Zhao , C. Burigana

The quadrupole power of cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies seen in the WMAP data is puzzlingly low. In this paper we demonstrate that Minimum Variance Optimization (MVO), a technique used by many authors (including…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-18 Lung-Yih Chiang , Pavel D. Naselsky , Peter Coles

An improved method for subtracting contaminants from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) sky maps is presented, and used to estimate how well future experiments will be able to recover the primordial CMB fluctuations. We find that the naive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Max Tegmark , George Efstathiou

We perform a cross-correlation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) using the third year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data with the 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) galaxy map (about 828 000 galaxies with median redshift z…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Anais Rassat , Kate Land , Ofer Lahav , Filipe B. Abdalla

Statistical isotropy (SI) has been one of the simplifying assumptions in cosmological model building. Experiments like WMAP and PLANCK are attempting to test this assumption by searching for specific signals in the Cosmic Microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-21 Aditya Rotti , Moumita Aich , Tarun Souradeep

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) derived from the first 5 years of WMAP data. The 5-year temperature (TT) spectrum is cosmic variance limited up to multipole l=530,…