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We have simulated the formation of a massive galaxy cluster (M$_{200}^{\rm crit}$ = 1.1$\times$10$^{15}h^{-1}M_{\odot}$) in a $\Lambda$CDM universe using 10 different codes (RAMSES, 2 incarnations of AREPO and 7 of GADGET), modeling…

Multiwavelength data indicate that the X-ray emitting plasma in the cores of galaxy clusters is not cooling catastrophically. To large extent, cooling is offset by heating due to active galactic nuclei (AGN) via jets. The cool-core…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 M. Gaspari , M. Ruszkowski , P. Sharma

The condensation of gas and stars in the inner regions of dark matter halos leads to a more concentrated dark matter distribution. While this effect is based on simple gravitational physics, the question of its validity in hierarchical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-31 Oleg Y. Gnedin , Daniel Ceverino , Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Anatoly A. Klypin , Andrey V. Kravtsov , Robyn Levine , Daisuke Nagai , Gustavo Yepes

A fundamental gap in the current understanding of galaxies concerns the thermodynamical evolution of the ordinary, baryonic matter. On one hand, radiative emission drastically decreases the thermal energy content of the interstellar plasma…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Gaspari , F. Brighenti , P. Temi

Turbulence driven by AGN activity, cluster mergers and galaxy motion constitutes an attractive energy source for heating the intracluster medium (ICM). How this energy dissipates into the ICM plasma remains unclear, given its low…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-28 Francisco Ley , Ellen G. Zweibel , Mario Riquelme , Lorenzo Sironi , Drake Miller , Aaron Tran

We use high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the density profile of hot gas in clusters of galaxies, adopting a variant of cold dark matter cosmologies and employing a cosmological N-body/smoothed particle hydrodynamics…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Tatsushi Suginohara , Jeremiah P. Ostriker

The distribution of metals in the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters provides valuable information on their formation and evolution, on the connection with the cosmic star formation and on the effects of different gas processes.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-12 V. Biffi , S. Planelles , S. Borgani , D. Fabjan , E. Rasia , G. Murante , L. Tornatore , K. Dolag , G. L. Granato , M. Gaspari , A. M. Beck

Studies of cluster X-ray scaling relations have led to suggestions that non-gravitational processes, e.g., radiative cooling and/or "preheating", have significantly modified the entropy of the intracluster medium (ICM). For the first time,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ian G. McCarthy , Gilbert P. Holder , Arif Babul , Michael L. Balogh

The centers of elliptical galaxies host supermassive black holes that significantly affect the surrounding interstellar medium through feedback resulting from the accretion process. The evolution of this gas and of the nuclear emission…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Pellegrini , L. Ciotti , J. P. Ostriker

There is no shortage of energy around to solve the overcooling problem of cooling flow clusters. AGNs, as well as gravitational energy are both energetic enough to balance the cooling of cores of clusters. The challenge is to couple this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-23 Yuval Birnboim

We compute different sets of stellar evolutionary tracks in order to quantify the energy, mass, and metals yielded by massive main-sequence and post-main-sequence winds. Our aim is to investigate the impact of binary systems and of a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-26 Yvonne A. Fichtner , Luca Grassitelli , Emilio Romano-Díaz , Cristiano Porciani

(Abridged) Existing models invoking AGN activty to resolve the cooling flow conundrum in galaxy clusters focus exclusively on the role of the central galaxy. Such models require fine-tuning of highly uncertain microscopic transport…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Adi Nusser , Joseph Silk , Arif Babul

We present numerical simulations of galaxy clusters which include interaction processes between the galaxies and the intra-cluster gas. The considered interaction processes are galactic winds and ram-pressure stripping, which both transfer…

The lack of very cool gas at the cores of groups and clusters of galaxies, even where the cooling time is significantly shorter than the Hubble time, has been interpreted as evidence of sources that re-heat the intergalactic medium. Most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-30 S. Raychaudhury , S. Giacintucci , E. O'Sullivan , J. M. Vrtilek , J. Croston , R. Athreya , L. P. David , T. Venturi

Turbulent gas motion inside galaxy clusters provides a non-negligible non-thermal pressure support to the intracluster gas. If not corrected, it leads to a systematic bias in the estimation of cluster masses from X-ray and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-17 Xun Shi , Eiichiro Komatsu , Kaylea Nelson , Daisuke Nagai

Using Gadget-2 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations including an observationally-constrained model for galactic outflows, we investigate how feedback from star formation distributes mass, metals, and energy on cosmic scales from z=6->0. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Benjamin D. Oppenheimer , Romeel Davé

Recently, the entropy excess detected in the central cores of groups and clusters has been successfully interpreted as being due to radiative cooling of the hot intragroup/intracluster gas. In such a scenario, the entropy floors $S_{\rm…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Yu-Ying Zhang , Xiang-Ping Wu

The hot plasma in galaxy clusters is expected to be heated to high temperatures through shocks and adiabatic compression. The thermodynamical properties of the gas encode information on the processes leading to the thermalization of the gas…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-09 V. Ghirardini , D. Eckert , S. Ettori , E. Pointecouteau , S. Molendi , M. Gaspari , M. Rossetti , S. De Grandi , M. Roncarelli , H. Bourdin , P. Mazzotta , E. Rasia , F. Vazza

The dynamics of the intra-cluster medium (ICM), the hot plasma that fills galaxy clusters, are shaped by gravity-driven cluster mergers and feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBH) in the cluster cores. XRISM measurements of ICM…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-13 XRISM Collaboration , Marc Audard , Hisamitsu Awaki , Ralf Ballhausen , Aya Bamba , Ehud Behar , Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin , Laura Brenneman , Gregory V. Brown , Lia Corrales , Elisa Costantini , Renata Cumbee , Maria Diaz Trigo , Chris Done , Tadayasu Dotani , Ken Ebisawa , Megan E. Eckart , Dominique Eckert , Satoshi Eguchi , Teruaki Enoto , Yuichiro Ezoe , Adam Foster , Ryuichi Fujimoto , Yutaka Fujita , Yasushi Fukazawa , Kotaro Fukushima , Akihiro Furuzawa , Luigi Gallo , Javier A. García , Liyi Gu , Matteo Guainazzi , Kouichi Hagino , Kenji Hamaguchi , Isamu Hatsukade , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Takayuki Hayashi , Natalie Hell , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Ann Hornschemeier , Yuto Ichinohe , Daiki Ishi , Manabu Ishida , Kumi Ishikawa , Yoshitaka Ishisaki , Jelle Kaastra , Timothy Kallman , Erin Kara , Satoru Katsuda , Yoshiaki Kanemaru , Richard Kelley , Caroline Kilbourne , Shunji Kitamoto , Shogo Kobayashi , Takayoshi Kohmura , Aya Kubota , Maurice Leutenegger , Michael Loewenstein , Yoshitomo Maeda , Maxim Markevitch , Hironori Matsumoto , Kyoko Matsushita , Dan McCammon , Brian McNamara , François Mernier , Eric D. Miller , Jon M. Miller , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Misaki Mizumoto , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Koji Mori , Koji Mukai , Hiroshi Murakami , Richard Mushotzky , Hiroshi Nakajima , Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Jan-Uwe Ness , Kumiko Nobukawa , Masayoshi Nobukawa , Hirofumi Noda , Hirokazu Odaka , Shoji Ogawa , Anna Ogorzałek , Takashi Okajima , Naomi Ota , Stephane Paltani , Robert Petre , Paul Plucinsky , Frederick S. Porter , Katja Pottschmidt , Kosuke Sato , Toshiki Sato , Makoto Sawada , Hiromi Seta , Megumi Shidatsu , Aurora Simionescu , Randall Smith , Hiromasa Suzuki , Andrew Szymkowiak , Hiromitsu Takahashi , Mai Takeo , Toru Tamagawa , Keisuke Tamura , Takaaki Tanaka , Atsushi Tanimoto , Makoto Tashiro , Yukikatsu Terada , Yuichi Terashima , Yohko Tsuboi , Masahiro Tsujimoto , Hiroshi Tsunemi , Takeshi Tsuru , Aysegül Tümer , Hiroyuki Uchida , Nagomi Uchida , Yuusuke Uchida , Hideki Uchiyama , Shutaro Ueda , Yoshihiro Ueda , Shinichiro Uno , Jacco Vink , Shin Watanabe , Brian J. Williams , Satoshi Yamada , Shinya Yamada , Hiroya Yamaguchi , Kazutaka Yamaoka , Noriko Yamasaki , Makoto Yamauchi , Shigeo Yamauchi , Tahir Yaqoob , Tomokage Yoneyama , Tessei Yoshida , Mihoko Yukita , Irina Zhuravleva , Weiguang Cui , Stefano Ettori , Skylar Grayson , Annie Heinrich , Hannah McCall , Dylan Nelson , Nobuhiro Okabe , Yuki Omiya , Arnab Sarkar , Evan Scannapieco , Ming Sun , Keita Tanaka , Nhut Truong , Daniel R. Wik , Congyao Zhang , John ZuHone

The standard cooling flow model has predicted a large amount of cool gas in the clusters of galaxies. The failure of the Chandra and XXM-Newton telescopes to detect cooling gas (below 1-2 keV) in clusters of galaxies has suggested that some…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-10-13 Nasser Mohamed Ahmed
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