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Six young bipolar outflows in regions of low-to-intermediate-mass star formation were observed in the 7_0-6_1A+, 8_0-7_1A+, and 5_{-1}-4_0E methanol lines at 44, 95, and 84 GHz, respectively. Narrow features were detected towards NGC…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. V. Kalenskii , V. G. Promyslov , V. I. Slysh , P. Bergman , A. Winnberg

The 6.7 GHz maser transition of methanol has been found exclusively towards massive star forming regions. A majority of the masers have been found to lack the presence of any associated radio continuum. This could be due to the maser…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 J. D. Pandian , E. Momjian , Y. Xu , K. M. Menten , P. F. Goldsmith

We present the results of studies of a new class of 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources with a ring-like emission structure discovered recently with the EVN. We have used the VLA to search for water masers at 22 GHz and radio continuum at 8.4…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-03-18 A. Bartkiewicz , M. Szymczak , H. J. van Langevelde , J. M. De Buizer , Y. Pihlström

Ten new class II methanol masers from the 6.7-GHz Methanol Multibeam survey catalogues III and IV were selected for a monitoring programme at both 6.7 and 12.2 GHz with the 26m Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory (HartRAO) radio…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-29 J. P. Maswanganye , D. J. van der Walt , S. Goedhart , M. J. Gaylard

We have used the University of Tasmania Mt Pleasant 26m radio telescope to investigate the polarisation characteristics of a sample of strong 6.7 GHz methanol masers, the first spectral line polarisation observations to be undertaken with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 P. D. Stack , S. P. Ellingsen

Methanol masers at 6.7 GHz are well known tracers of high-mass star-forming regions. However, their origin is still not clearly understood. We aimed to determine the morphology and velocity structure for a large sample of the maser emission…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-02 Anna Bartkiewicz , Marian Szymczak , Huib J. van Langevelde

We have conducted a Galactic plane survey of methanol masers at 6668 MHz using a 7-beam receiver on the Parkes telescope. Here we present results from the first part, which provides sensitive unbiased coverage of a large region around the…

We have used the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to search for 36 GHz and 44 GHz methanol (CH3OH) lines in a sample of 21 Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs). Mainly the regions of the SNRs with 1720 MHz OH masers were observed.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Y. M. Pihlström , L. O. Sjouwerman , D. A. Frail , M. J. Claussen , R. A. Mesler , B. C. McEwen

Methanol masers at 6.7 GHz are the brightest of class II methanol masers and have been found exclusively towards massive star forming regions. These masers can thus be used as a unique tool to probe the early phases of massive star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Sonu Tabitha Paulson , Jagadheep D. Pandian

MERLIN phase-referenced polarimetric observations towards the W51 complex were carried out in March 2006 in the Class II methanol maser transition at 6.668 GHz and three of the four excited OH maser hyperfine transitions at 6 GHz. Methanol…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 Sandra Etoka , Malcolm D. Gray , Gary A. Fuller

We report the first sub-arcsecond VLA imaging of 6 GHz continuum, methanol maser, and excited-state hydroxyl maser emission toward the massive protostellar cluster NGC6334I following the recent 2015 outburst in (sub)millimeter continuum…

The collisional excitation of methanol molecule in non-dissociative magnetohydrodynamic shock waves is considered. All essential chemical processes that determine methanol abundance in the gas are taken into account in the shock model. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-05 A. V. Nesterenok

Class II methanol (CH$_{3}$OH) masers are amongst the clearest signposts of recent high-mass star formation (HMSF). A complete catalogue outlines the distribution of star formation in the Galaxy, the number of young star-forming cores, and…

We have carried out a multi-epoch simultaneous survey of 22 GHz H$_2$O and 44 GHz Class I CH$_3$OH masers toward 103 ultracompact HII regions (UCHIIs) between 2010 and 2017. We detected H$_2$O and CH$_3$OH maser emission in 74 (72%) and 55…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 Won-Ju Kim , Kee-Tae Kim , Kwang-Tae Kim

We present the second portion of an unbiased survey of the Galactic plane for 6668-MHz methanol masers. This section of the survey spans the longitude range 6 degrees to 20 degrees. We report the detection of 119 maser sources, of which 42…

We present a review of the properties of Class I methanol masers detected in low-mass star forming regions (LMSFRs). These masers, henceforth called LMMIs, are associated with postshock gas in the lobes of chemically active outflows in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-22 S. Kalenskii , S. Kurtz , P. Hofner , P. Bergman , C. M. Walmsley , P. Golysheva

We report the detection of the millimeter CH$_3$OH masers including a new detection of class I (11$_{0,11}$-10$_{1,10}$A) and class II (6$_{1,5}$-5$_{2,4}$E) maser transitions toward the high-mass protostar S255IR NIRS3 in post-burst phase.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Giseon Baek , Jeong-Eun Lee , Neal J. Evans , Tomoya Hirota , Yuri Aikawa , Ji-hyun Kang , Jungha Kim , Jes K. Jørgensen

We report results of 6.7 GHz methanol maser monitoring of 139 star-forming sites with the Torun 32 m radio telescope from June 2009 to February 2013. The targets were observed at least once a month, with higher cadences of 2-4 measurements…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-20 Marian Szymczak , Mateusz Olech , Rafał Sarniak , Paweł Wolak , Anna Bartkiewicz

We show that in many methanol maser sources the masers are located in lines, with a velocity gradient along them which suggests that the masers are situated in edge-on circumstellar, or protoplanetary, disks. We present VLBI observations of…

We present a continuing study of a sample 44 molecular outflows, observed in 13CO lines, closely associated with 6.7GHz methanol masers, hence called Methanol Maser Associated Outflows (MMAOs). We compare MMAO properties with those of…