English
Related papers

Related papers: In-situ Particle Acceleration in Collisionless Sho…

200 papers

Relativistic astrophysical collisionless shocks represent outstanding dissipation agents of the huge power of relativistic outflows produced by accreting black holes, core collapsed supernovae and other objects into multi-messenger…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-30 Guy Pelletier , Andrei Bykov , Don Ellison , Martin Lemoine

We investigate the acceleration of charged particles (both electrons and protons) at collisionless shocks predicted to exist in the vicinity of solar flares. The existence of standing termination shocks has been examined by flare models and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Fan Guo , Joe Giacalone

Nonthermal radiation observed from astrophysical systems containing relativistic jets and shocks e.g. gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and microquasars commonly exhibit power-law emission spectra. Recent PIC simulations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 K. -I. Nishikawa , P. Hardee , Y. Mizuno , M. Medvedev , B. Zhang , D. H. Hartmann , G. J. Fishman

An extreme case of electron shock drift acceleration in low Mach number collisionless shocks is investigated as a plausible mechanism of initial acceleration of relativistic electrons in large-scale shocks in galaxy clusters where upstream…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Shuichi Matsukiyo , Yutaka Ohira , Ryo Yamazaki , Takayuki Umeda

We consider the acceleration of charged particles near ultra-relativistic shocks, with Lorentz factor Gamma_s >> 1. We present simulations of the acceleration process and compare these with results from semi-analytical calculations. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Abraham Achterberg , Yves A. Gallant , John G. Kirk , Axel W. Guthmann

Collisionless shocks are common features in space and astrophysical systems where supersonic plasma flows interact, such as in the solar wind, the heliopause, and supernova remnants. Recent experimental capabilities and diagnostics allow…

Particle acceleration in relativistic shocks of electron-positron plasmas with proton admixture is investigated through two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The upstream plasma, with a bulk Lorentz factor of $10$ and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-02 Huan Yu , Qi Xia , Jun Fang

Using our new 3-D relativistic electromagnetic particle (REMP) code parallelized with MPI, we investigated long-term particle acceleration associated with a relativistic electron-positron jet propagating in an unmagnetized ambient…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 K. -I. Nishikawa , J. Niemiec , M. Medvedev , B. Zhang , P. Hardee , Y. Mizuno , A. Nordlund , J. Frederiksen , H. Sol , M. Pohl , D. H. Hartmann , J. F. Fishman

We study a relativistic collisionless electron-positron shock propagating into an unmagnetized ambient medium using 2D particle-in-cell simulations of unprecedented duration and size. The shock generates intermittent magnetic structures of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-12 Daniel Groselj , Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky

A property common to several different astrophysical sources of high-energy gamma-rays is the presence of bulk motion at relativistic speed. The intrinsic spectra of the nonthermal radiating particles also show interesting similarities,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. G. Kirk

Collisionless shocks occur in various fields of physics. In the context of space and astrophysics they have been investigated for many decades. However, a thorough understanding of shock formation and particle acceleration is still missing.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-09-18 A. Stockem Novo , A. Bret , R. A. Fonseca , L. O. Silva

Using large-scale fully-kinetic two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate the effects of shock rippling on electron acceleration at low-Mach-number shocks propagating in high-$\beta$ plasmas, in application to merger…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-04 Oleh Kobzar , Jacek Niemiec , Takanobu Amano , Masahiro Hoshino , Shuichi Matsukiyo , Yosuke Matsumoto , Martin Pohl

A direct numerical simulation of a strong relativistic collisionless shock propagating into an unmagnetized medium has been performed in two spatial dimensions. It is found that: (i) collisionless shock exists, (ii) particle acceleration is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei Gruzinov

Gamma ray bursts are among the most energetic events in the known universe. A highly relativistic fireball is ejected. In most cases the burst itself is followed by an afterglow, emitted under deceleration as the fireball plunges through…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Haugboelle , C. B. Hededal , J. T. Frederiksen , A. Nordlund

In this work, we investigate collisionless shocks propagating in a relativistically hot unmagnetized electron-positron plasmas. We estimate the dissipation fraction at shocks in the relativistically hot plasma, showing that it is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-21 Kamiido Kazuki , Ohira Yutaka

We investigate shock structure and particle acceleration in relativistic magnetized collisionless pair shocks by means of 2.5D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations. We explore a range of inclination angles between the pre-shock magnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-11 Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky

Particle acceleration in collisionless plasma systems is a central question in astroplasma and astroparticle physics. The structure of the acceleration regions, electron-ion energy equilibration, preacceleration of particles at shocks to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-19 Martin Pohl , Masahiro Hoshino , Jacek Niemiec

Plasma instabilities (e.g., Buneman, Weibel and other two-stream instabilities) created in collisionless shocks may be responsible for particle (electron, positron, and ion) acceleration. Using a 3-D relativistic electromagnetic particle…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. -I. Nishikawa , P. E. Hardee , C. B. Hededal , G. J. Fishman

Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at relativistic shocks is expected to be an important acceleration mechanism in a variety of astrophysical objects including extragalactic jets in active galactic nuclei and gamma ray bursts. These sources…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Matthew G. Baring , Errol J. Summerlin

We use fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations with unprecedentedly large transverse box sizes to study particle acceleration in weakly-magnetized mildly relativistic shocks traveling at a velocity $\approx 0.75c$ and a Mach number of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-10 Patrick Crumley , Damiano Caprioli , Sera Markoff , Anatoly Spitkovsky