Related papers: Branon dark matter: an introduction
In these notes we present a selection of topics, each section approximately amounting to one lecture. We begin with a brief recapitulation of General Relativity, and the Standard Model of Cosmology. This is followed by lectures on important…
In an introductory manner, the nature of dark energy is addressed, how it is observed and what further tests are needed to reconstruct its properties. Several theoretical approaches to dark energy will be discussed.
The phenomenon of the Dark matter baffles the researchers: the underlying dark particle has escaped so far the detection and its astrophysical role appears complex and entangled with that of the standard luminous particles. We propose that,…
We revisit the problems of dark energy and dark matter and several models designed to explain them, leading to the hypothetical fifth force in the light of some latest findings.
Astrophysical observations currently provide the only robust, empirical measurements of dark matter. In the coming decade, astrophysical observations will guide other experimental efforts, while simultaneously probing unique regions of dark…
In the early years, cosmic rays contributed essentially to particle physics through the discovery of new particles. Will history repeat itself? As with the discovery of the charged pion, the recent discovery of a Higgs-like boson may…
We discuss the phenomenology of the dark energy in first order perturbation theory, demonstrating that the dark energy cannot be fully constrained unless the dark matter is found, and that there are two functions that characterise the…
In this paper we consider some constraints on brane-world cosmologies. In the first part we analyze different behaviors for the expansion of our universe by imposing constraints on the speed of sound. In the second part, we study the nature…
A model concerning particle theory and cosmology is proposed. Matter field, dark matter and dark energy are created by an energy flow from space to primordial matter fields at the phase transition in the early universe.
Assuming that dark energy may be treated as a fluid with a well defined temperature, close to equilibrium, we argue that if nowadays there is a transfer of energy between dark energy and dark matter, it must be such that the latter gains…
The possible conversion of neutron matter to strange matter and its relevance to astrophysical problems are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the {\it form} in which this hypothetical burning process should be propagated in dense…
Although dark matter is a central element of modern cosmology, the history of how it became accepted as part of the dominant paradigm is often ignored or condensed into a brief anecdotical account focused around the work of a few pioneering…
Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) represents one of the earliest phenomena that can lead to observational constraints on the early Universe properties. It is well-known that many important mechanisms and phase transitions occurred before BBN.…
I review some key aspects of capture and possible observable effects of particle dark matter in stars. Focusing on the transport of heat from captured asymmetric dark matter, I outline existing computational methods, and the challenges that…
Dark Matter constitutes most of the matter in the presently accepted cosmological model for our Universe. The extreme conditions of ordinary baryonic matter, namely high density and compactness, in Neutron Stars make these objects suitable…
This book chapter presents an overview of the historical experimental and theoretical developments in neutrino physics and astrophysics and also the physical properties of neutrinos, as well as the physical processes involving neutrinos. It…
Neutrinos play prominent roles in both particle physics and cosmology. In this talk, I will cover two broad topics. The first will be possible origins for neutrino masses and mixings and the implications of this physics for cosmology. Some…
I briefly review our current understanding of dark matter and dark energy. The first part of this paper focusses on issues pertaining to dark matter including observational evidence for its existence, current constraints and the `abundance…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions offer the possibility to produce exotic metastable states of nuclear matter containing (roughly) equal number of strangeness compared to the content in baryon number. The reasoning of both their stability…
The existence of cosmic dark matter and neutrino properties are long-standing problems in cosmology and particle physics. These problems have been investigated by using radiation detectors. We will discuss the application of inorganic…