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The origin of hard X-ray (HXR) excess emission from clusters of galaxies is still an enigma, whose nature is debated. One of the possible mechanism to produce this emission is the bremsstrahlung model. However, previous analytical and…
Finite thermal velocity modifications to electron slowing-down rates may be important for the deduction of solar flare total electron energy. Here we treat both slowing-down and velocity diffusion of electrons in the corona at flare…
The first-order Fermi acceleration of electrons requires an injection of electrons into a mildly relativistic energy range. However, the mechanism of injection has remained a puzzle both in theory and observation. We present direct evidence…
Decomposing an arbitrary electron energy distribution into sums of Maxwellian and power law components is an efficient method to calculate synchrotron emission and absorption. We use this method to study the effect of non-thermal electrons…
We reexamine stochastic Fermi acceleration (STFA) in the low energy (Newtonian) regime in the context of solar flares. The particle energization rate depends a dispersive term and a coherent gain term. The energy dependence of pitch angle…
Electron acceleration to non-thermal, ultra-relativistic energies (~ 10-100 TeV) is revealed by radio and X-ray observations of shocks in young supernova remnants (SNRs). The diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism is usually invoked…
We calculate the distribution of electrons in clusters of galaxies, resulting from thermalization processes in the presence of stochastic acceleration due to plasma waves. We show that the electron distribution can deviate from a…
We carried out detailed analysis of X-ray and radio observations of a simple flare loop that occurred on 12th August 2002, with the impulsive hard X-ray (HXR) light curves dominated by a single pulse. The emission spectra of the early…
The near-IR and X-ray flares in Sagittarius A* are believed to be produced by relativistic electrons via synchrotron and synchrotron self-Comptonization, respectively. These electrons are likely energized by turbulent plasma waves through…
A general formula for current noise in a two-terminal ballistic nondegenerate conductor under the action of long-range Coulomb correlations has been derived. The noise reduction factor (in respect to the uncorrelated value) is obtained for…
High-resolution radio observations of nearby active galactic nuclei have revealed extended, limb-brightened structures in their inner jets. This ties in with other multi-wavelength observations from radio to X-ray and gamma-ray, indicating…
In this paper we investigate the feasibility of bremsstrahlung radiation from `nonthermal' electrons as a source of hard X-rays from the intracluster medium of clusters of galaxies. With an exact treatment of the Coulomb collisions in a…
We review here the development of the general formalism for the study of fermion propagation in the presence of stochastic media. This formalism allows the systematic derivation of evolution equations for averaged quantities as survival…
Collisionless plasma shock theory, which applies for example to the afterglow of gamma ray bursts, still contains key issues that are poorly understood. In this paper we study charged particle dynamics in a highly relativistic collisionless…
We have developed a numerical model for the temporal evolution of particle and photon spectra resulting from nonthermal processes at the shock fronts formed in merging clusters of galaxies. Fermi acceleration is approximated by injecting…
We study the release of energy during the gradual phase of a flare, characterized by faint bursts of non-thermal hard X-ray (HXR) emission associated with decimetric radio spikes and type III radio bursts starting at high frequencies and…
We have developed a numerical model for the temporal evolution of particle and photon spectra resulting from nonthermal processes at the shock fronts formed in merging clusters of galaxies. Fermi acceleration is approximated by injecting…
Wave propagation problems have many applications in physics and engineering, and the stochastic effects are important in accurately modeling them due to the uncertainty of the media. This paper considers and analyzes a fully discrete finite…
Using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulations we study electron acceleration by temperature anisotropy instabilities, assuming conditions typical of above-the-loop-top (ALT) sources in solar flares. We focus on the long-term effect of…
We develop a theory of energy relaxation in semiconductors and insulators highly excited by the long-acting external irradiation. We derive the equation for the non-equilibrium distribution function of excited electrons. The solution for…