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Related papers: Dust Dynamics in Compressible MHD Turbulence

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We introduce a possible disruption mechanism of dust grains in planet formation by their spinning motion. This mechanism has been discussed as rotational disruption for the interstellar dust grains. We theoretically calculate whether porous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-09 Misako Tatsuuma , Akimasa Kataoka

Under ideal MHD conditions the magnetic field strength should be correlated with density in the interstellar medium (ISM). However, observations indicate that this correlation is weak. Ambipolar diffusion can decrease the flux-to-mass ratio…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 F. Heitsch , E. G. Zweibel , A. D. Slyz , J. E. G. Devriendt

We develop a 3D dynamical model of dust outflows from galactic discs. The outflows are initiated by multiple SN explosions in a magnetized interstellar medium (ISM) with a gravitationally stratified density distribution. Dust grains are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-03-28 S. A. Khoperskov , Yu. A. Shchekinov

Supersonic turbulent flows of magnetized gas are believed to play an important role in the dynamics of star-forming clouds in galaxies. Understanding statistical properties of such flows is crucial for developing a theory of star formation.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Paolo Padoan , Raul Jimenez , Aake Nordlund , Stanislav Boldyrev

The rate of magnetic field diffusion plays an essential role in several astrophysical plasma processes. It has been demonstrated that the omnipresent turbulence in astrophysical media induces fast magnetic reconnection, which consequently…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 R. Santos-Lima , G. Guerrero , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , A. Lazarian

We present full 2 Pi global 3-D stratified MHD simulations of accretion disks. We interpret our results in the context of proto-planetary disks. We investigate the turbulence driven by the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) using the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Flock , N. Dzyurkevich , H. Klahr , N. J. Turner , Th. Henning

There is evidence that protoplanetary disks--including the protosolar one--contain crystalline dust grains on spatial scales where the dust temperature is lower than the threshold value for their formation through thermal annealing of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 Steven Giacalone , Seth Teitler , Arieh Königl , Sebastiaan Krijt , Fred J. Ciesla

Alignment of dust grains in astrophysical environments results in the polarization of starlight as well as the polarization of radiation emitted by dust. We demonstrate the advances in grain alignment theory allow the use of linear and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-02 A Lazarian , Thiem Hoang

Dust coagulation in protoplanetary disks is not straightforward and is subject to several slow-down mechanisms, such as bouncing, fragmentation and radial drift to the star. Furthermore, dust grains in UV-shielded disk regions are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Vitaly Akimkin , Alexei V. Ivlev , Paola Caselli , Munan Gong , Kedron Silsbee

Dust grains may be accelerated to relativistic speeds by radiation pressure, diffusive shocks, and other acceleration mechanisms. Such relativistic grains have been suggested as primary particles of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-10 Thiem Hoang , A. Lazarian , R. Schlickeiser

We model the polarized thermal dust emission from protostellar cores that are assembled by super-sonic turbulent flows in molecular clouds. Self-gravitating cores are selected from a three dimensional simulation of super-sonic and…

The observed rapid onset of star formation in molecular clouds requires rapid formation of dense fragments which can collapse individually before being overtaken by global gravitationally-driven flows. Many previous investigations have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. Heitsch , L. Hartmann , A. Burkert , ;

We investigate, for the first time, the nonlinear evolution of the magnetized "resonant drag instabilities" (RDIs). We explore magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of gas mixed with (uniform) dust grains subject to Lorentz and drag forces,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-13 Darryl Seligman , Philip F. Hopkins , Jonathan Squire

Grain alignment theory suggests that grains should be aligned in circumstellar regions and the observational data available supports this conclusion. We discuss the alignment of grains via (1) magnetic relaxation, (2) mechanical processes,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lazarian A

Weakly ionized protoplanetary disks (PPDs) are subject to non-ideal-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects including Ohmic resistivity, the Hall effect and ambipolar diffusion (AD), and the resulting magnetic diffusivities ($\eta_O, \eta_H$ and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 Rui Xu , Xue-Ning Bai

A significant fraction of main sequence stars observed interferometrically in the near infrared have slightly extended components that have been attributed to very hot dust. To match the spectrum appears to require the presence of large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-13 George H. Rieke , Andras Gaspar , Nicholas P. Ballering

Recent advances in understanding of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence call for substantial revisions in our understanding of cosmic ray transport. In this paper we use gyroresonance recently obtained scaling laws for MHD modes to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Huirong Yan , A. Lazarian

We investigate acceleration and propagation processes of high-energy particles inside hot accretion flows. The magnetorotational instability (MRI) creates turbulence inside accretion flows, which triggers magnetic reconnection and may…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-12-03 Shigeo S. Kimura , Kengo Tomida , Kohta Murase

Interstellar shock waves can erode and destroy grains present in the shocked gas, primarily as the result of sputtering and grain-grain collisions. Uncertainties in current estimates of sputtering yields are reviewed. Results are presented…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-21 B. T. Draine

The diffusion of astrophysical magnetic fields in conducting fluids in the presence of turbulence depends on whether magnetic fields can change their topology via reconnection in highly conducting media. Recent progress in understanding…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2012-12-17 R. Santos-Lima , A. Lazarian , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , J. Cho