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We present a novel analytic framework to model the steady-state structure of multiphase galactic winds comprised of a hot, volume-filling component and a cold, clumpy component. We first derive general expressions for the structure of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-19 Drummond B. Fielding , Greg L. Bryan

In addition to the hot intracluster medium, massive galaxy clusters host complex, multi-phase gaseous halos. In this work, we quantify the abundance, spatial distribution, and origin of the cool T < 10^4.5 K gas within clusters. To do so,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-05 Milan Staffehl , Dylan Nelson , Mohammadreza Ayromlou , Eric Rohr , Annalisa Pillepich

Galaxies must form and evolve via the acquisition of gas from the intergalactic environment, however the way this gas accretion takes place is still poorly understood. Star-forming galaxies are surrounded by multiphase halos that appear to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Filippo Fraternali

Circumgalactic gas around massive galaxies generally has a volume-filling component -- an atmosphere -- with a temperature determined by the potential-well depth of the galaxy's halo. If the atmosphere is near hydrostatic equilibrium and is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-18 G. M. Voit , B. D. Wibking , D. Yaldiz

This paper shows that gravitating bodies travelling through the Galaxy can trap lighter interstellar particles that pass nearby with small relative velocities onto temporarily-bound orbits. The capture mechanism is driven by the Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-28 Jorge Peñarrubia

Most massive galaxies host a supermassive black hole at their centre. Matter accretion creates an active galactic nucleus (AGN), forming a relativistic particle wind. The wind heats and pushes the interstellar medium, producing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-23 Martynas Laužikas , Kastytis Zubovas

The characterization of the large amount of gas residing in the galaxy halos, the so called circumgalactic medium (CGM), is crucial to understand galaxy evolution across cosmic time. We focus here on the the cool ($T\sim10^4$ K) phase of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-16 Andrea Afruni , Filippo Fraternali , Gabriele Pezzulli

This chapter presents a review of the current state of knowledge on the cool (T ~ 1e4 K) halo gas content around massive galaxies at z ~ 0.2-2. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in characterizing the cool…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-31 Hsiao-Wen Chen

We present the calculations of steady, spherical gas outflows from galaxies in an effort to understand the effects of the galaxy mass on the flow properties such as the size of the outflow regions, the efficiency of radiative cooling, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Boqi Wang

In the hierarchical scenario of structure formation, galaxy clusters are the ultimate virialised products in mass and time. Hot baryons in the intracluster medium (ICM) and cold baryons in galaxies inhabit a dark matter dominated halo.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 Mauro Sereno , Lorenzo Lovisari , Weiguang Cui , Gerrit Schellenberger

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxies consists of a multiphase gas with components at very different temperatures, from $10^ {4}$ K to $10^ {7}$ K. One of the greatest puzzle about this medium is the presence of a large amount of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-01 Andrea Afruni , Filippo Fraternali , Gabriele Pezzulli

Simulations of cosmological filamentary accretion reveal flows ("streams") of warm gas, ~$10^4$ K, which are efficient in bringing gas into galaxies. We present a phenomenological scenario where gas in such flows -- if it is shocked as it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-07 Nicolas Cornuault , Matthew Lehnert , François Boulanger , Pierre Guillard

We investigate a model of galaxy clusters in which the hot intracluster gas is efficiently heated by dynamical friction (DF) of galaxies. We allow for both subsonic and supersonic motions of galaxies and use the gravitational drag formula…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Woong-Tae Kim , Amr A. El-Zant , Marc Kamionkowski

Shortened version: The fate of IS clouds embedded in a hot tenuous medium depends on whether the clouds suffer from evaporation or whether material condensates onto them. Analytical solutions for the rate of evaporative mass loss from an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 W. Vieser , G. Hensler

The gas reservoir of galaxies can be altered by outflows driven by star-formation and luminous active galactic nuclei. Jets heating the surroundings of host galaxies can also prevent gas cooling and inflows. Spectacular examples for these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-04 Johannes Buchner

Galactic outflows produced by stellar feedback are known to be multiphase in nature. Both observations and simulations indicate that the material within several kpc of galactic disk mid-planes consists of warm clouds embedded within a hot…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-06 Aditi Vijayan , Chang-Goo Kim , Lucia Armillotta , Eve C. Ostriker , Miao Li

Galaxies with high star-formation rate surface densities often host large-scale outflows that redistribute energy, momentum, and baryons between the interstellar medium and the halo, making them a key feedback channel regulating galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-23 Ellis R. Owen , Leonard E. C. Romano , Kentaro Nagamine

Observations of clusters and groups imply that such halos are roughly in global thermal equilibrium, with heating balancing cooling when averaged over sufficiently long time- and length-scales; the ICM is, however, very likely to be locally…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Prateek Sharma , Michael McCourt , Eliot Quataert , Ian J. Parrish

Although only about 5 percent of the total baryonic mass in luminous elliptical galaxies is in the form of cooled interstellar gas, it is concentrated within the optical effective radius r_e where it influences the local dynamical mass. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Fabrizio Brighenti , William G. Mathews

We investigate the cold and warm gas content, kinematics, and spatial distribution of six local massive elliptical galaxies to probe the origin of the multiphase gas in their atmospheres. We report new observations, including SOFIA [CII],…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-13 P. Temi , M. Gaspari , F. Brighenti , N. Werner , R. Grossova , M. Gitti , M. Sun , A. Amblard , A. Simionescu