Related papers: Primary Proton Spectrum of Cosmic Rays measured wi…

Measurement of the cosmic ray hadron spectrum up to 30 TeV at mountain altitude: the primary proton spectrum

The flux of cosmic ray hadrons at the atmospheric depth of 820 g/cm^2 has been measured by means of the EAS-TOP hadron calorimeter (Campo Imperatore, National Gran Sasso Laboratories, 2005 m a.s.l.). The hadron spectrum is well described by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 TOP Collaboration

The Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra measured with the CAPRICE98 balloon experiment

A new measurement of the primary cosmic-ray proton and helium fluxes from 3 to 350 GeV was carried out by the balloon-borne CAPRICE experiment in 1998. This experimental setup combines different detector techniques and has excellent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. Boezio , V. Bonvicini , P. Schiavon , A. Vacchi , N. Zampa , D. Bergstroem , P. Carlson , T. Francke , P. Hansen , E. Mocchiutti , M. Suffert , M. Hof , J. Kremer , W. Menn , M. Simon , M. Ambriola , R. Bellotti , F. Cafagna , F. Ciacio , M. Circella , C. N. De Marzo , N. Finetti , P. Papini , S. Piccardi , P. Spillantini , E. Vannuccini , S. Bartalucci , M. Ricci , M. Casolino , M. P. De Pascale , A. Morselli , P. Picozza , R. Sparvoli , J. W. Mitchell , J. F. Ormes , S. A. Stephens , R. E. Streitmatter , U. Bravar , S. J. Stochaj

The Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum Measured with KASCADE-Grande

KASCADE-Grande is a multi-detector experiment at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany for measuring extensive air showers in the primary energy range of 100 TeV to 1 EeV. This contribution attempts to provide a synopsis of the current…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-10-27 A. Haungs , KASCADE-Grande Collaboration

The Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum determined with the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov-Technique

The HEGRA system of 4 Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) has been used to determine the flux and the spectrum of cosmic ray protons over a limited energy range around 1.5 TeV. Although the IACT system is designed for the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Aharonian

Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra from the First CREAM Flight

Cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra have been measured with the balloon-borne Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass experiment flown for 42 days in Antarctica in the 2004-2005 austral summer season. High-energy cosmic-ray data were collected at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-07-28 Y. S. Yoon , H. S. Ahn , P. S. Allison , M. G. Bagliesi , J. J. Beatty , G. Bigongiari , P. J. Boyle , J. T. Childers , N. B. Conklin , S. Coutu , M. A. DuVernois , O. Ganel , J. H. Han , J. A. Jeon , K. C. Kim , M. H. Lee , L. Lutz , P. Maestro , A. Malinine , P. S. Marrocchesi , S. A. Minnick , S. I. Mognet , S. Nam , S. Nutter , I. H. Park , N. H. Park , E. S. Seo , R. Sina , S. Swordy , S. P. Wakely , J. Wu , J. Yang , R. Zei , S. Y. Zinn

Measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is necessary to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-02 Q. An , R. Asfandiyarov , P. Azzarello , P. Bernardini , X. J. Bi , M. S. Cai , J. Chang , D. Y. Chen , H. F. Chen , J. L. Chen , W. Chen , M. Y. Cui , T. S. Cui , H. T. Dai , A. D'Amone , A. De Benedittis , I. De Mitri , M. Di Santo , M. Ding , T. K. Dong , Y. F. Dong , Z. X. Dong , G. Donvito , D. Droz , J. L. Duan , K. K. Duan , D. D'Urso , R. R. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , F. Fang , C. Q. Feng , L. Feng , P. Fusco , V. Gallo , F. J. Gan , M. Gao , F. Gargano , K. Gong , Y. Z. Gong , D. Y. Guo , J. H. Guo , X. L. Guo , S. X. Han , Y. M. Hu , G. S. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , M. Ionica , W. Jiang , X. Jin , J. Kong , S. J. Lei , S. Li , W. L. Li , X. Li , X. Q. Li , Y. Li , Y. F. Liang , Y. M. Liang , N. H. Liao , C. M. Liu , H. Liu , J. Liu , S. B. Liu , W. Q. Liu , Y. Liu , F. Loparco , C. N. Luo , M. Ma , P. X. Ma , S. Y. Ma , T. Ma , X. Y. Ma , G. Marsella , M. N. Mazziotta , D. Mo , X. Y. Niu , X. Pan , W. X. Peng , X. Y. Peng , R. Qiao , J. N. Rao , M. M. Salinas , G. Z. Shang , W. H. Shen , Z. Q. Shen , Z. T. Shen , J. X. Song , H. Su , M. Su , Z. Y. Sun , A. Surdo , X. J. Teng , A. Tykhonov , S. Vitillo , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. Y. Wang , J. Z. Wang , L. G. Wang , Q. Wang , S. Wang , X. H. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. F. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Y. Z. Wang , Z. M. Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. F. Wei , S. C. Wen , D. Wu , J. Wu , L. B. Wu , S. S. Wu , X. Wu , K. Xi , Z. Q. Xia , H. T. Xu , Z. H. Xu , Z. L. Xu , Z. Z. Xu , G. F. Xue , H. B. Yang , P. Yang , Y. Q. Yang , Z. L. Yang , H. J. Yao , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , C. Yue , J. J. Zang , F. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , J. Z. Zhang , P. F. Zhang , S. X. Zhang , W. Z. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. J. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , Y. P. Zhang , Y. Q. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. Y. Zhang , H. Zhao , H. Y. Zhao , X. F. Zhao , C. Y. Zhou , Y. Zhou , X. Zhu , Y. Zhu , S. Zimmer

The shape of the cosmic ray proton spectrum

Recent observations of cosmic ray protons in the energy range $10^2$--$10^5$~GeV have revealed that the spectrum cannot be described by a simple power law. A hardening of the spectrum around an energy of order few hundred~GeV, first…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-01 Paolo Lipari , Silvia Vernetto

The spectrum of high-energy cosmic rays measured with KASCADE-Grande

The energy spectrum of cosmic rays between 10**16 eV and 10**18 eV, derived from measurements of the shower size (total number of charged particles) and the total muon number of extensive air showers by the KASCADE-Grande experiment, is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-08-27 Grande Collaboration , W. D. Apel , J. C. Arteaga-Velazquez , K. Bekk , M. Bertaina , J. Bluemer , H. Bozdog , I. M. Brancus , P. Buchholz , E. Cantoni , A. Chiavassa , F. Cossavella , K. Daumiller , V. de Souza , F. Di Pierro , P. Doll , R. Engel , J. Engler , M. Finger , D. Fuhrmann , P. L. Ghia , H. J. Gils , R. Glasstetter , C. Grupen , A. Haungs , D. Heck , J. R. Hoerandel , D. Huber , T. Huege , K. -H. Kampert , D. Kang , D. Kickelbick , H. O. Klages , K. Link , P. Luczak , M. Ludwig , H. J. Mathes , H. J. Mayer , M. Melissas , J. Milke , B. Mitrica , C. Morello , G. Navarra , J. Oehlschlaeger , S. Ostapchenko , S. Over , N. Palmieri , M. Petcu , T. Pierog , H. Rebel , M. Roth , H. Schieler , F. G. Schroeder , O. Sima , G. Toma , G. C. Trinchero , H. Ulrich , A. Weindl , J. Wochele , M. Wommer , J. Zabierowski

Primary proton spectrum in the energy range $5-10^3$ TeV from the sea level muon spectrum

Primary proton spectrum in the energy range $5-10^3$ TeV is reconstructed from the sea level muon spectrum with the use of QGSJET01 and SYBILL2.1 interaction models. Heavier nuclei are taken in accordance with the direct measurements data,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. A. Lagutin , A. G. Tyumentsev , A. V. Yushkov

TeV cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra in the myriad model

Recent measurements of cosmic ray proton and helium spectra show a hardening above a few hundreds of GeV. This excess is hard to understand in the framework of the conventional models of Galactic cosmic ray production and propagation. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-10-01 Guilhem Bernard , Timur Delahaye , Yong-Yeon Keum , Wei Liu , Pierre Salati , Richard Taillet

Measurements of Primary and Atmospheric Cosmic-Ray Spectra with the BESS-TeV Spectrometer

Primary and atmospheric cosmic-ray spectra were precisely measured with the BESS-TeV spectrometer. The spectrometer was upgraded from BESS-98 to achieve seven times higher resolution in momentum measurement. We report absolute fluxes of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 S. Haino , T. Sanuki , K. Abe , K. Anraku , Y. Asaoka , H. Fuke , M. Imori , A. Itasaki , T. Maeno , Y. Makida , S. Matsuda , N. Matsui , H. Matsumoto , J. W. Mitchell , A. A. Moiseev , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , S. Orito , J. F. Ormes , M. Sasaki , E. S. Seo , Y. Shikaze , R. E. Streitmatter , J. Suzuki , Y. Takasugi , K. Tanaka , K. Tanizaki , T. Yamagami , A. Yamamoto , Y. Yamamoto , K. Yamato , T. Yoshida , K. Yoshimura

High-energy cosmic ray fluxes in the Earth atmosphere: calculations vs experiments

A new calculation of the atmospheric fluxes of cosmic-ray hadrons and muons in the energy range 10-10^5 GeV has been performed for the set of hadron production models, EPOS 1.6, QGSJET II-03, SIBYLL 2.1, and others that are of interest to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-16 A. A. Kochanov , T. S. Sinegovskaya , S. I. Sinegovsky

Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

In this paper, we present the analysis and results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum with the CALET instrument onboard the International Space Station, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-19 O. Adriani , Y. Akaike , K. Asano , Y. Asaoka , M. G. Bagliesi , E. Berti , G. Bigongiari , W. R. Binns , S. Bonechi , M. Bongi , A. Bruno , J. H. Buckley , N. Cannady , G. Castellini , C. Checchia , M. L. Cherry , G. Collazuol , V. Di Felice , K. Ebisawa , H. Fuke , T. G. Guzik , T. Hams , N. Hasebe , K. Hibino , M. Ichimura , K. Ioka , W. Ishizaki , M. H. Israel , K. Kasahara , J. Kataoka , R. Kataoka , Y. Katayose , C. Kato , N. Kawanaka , Y. Kawakubo , K. Kohri , H. S. Krawczynski , J. F. Krizmanic , T. Lomtadze , P. Maestro , P. S. Marrocchesi , A. M. Messineo , J. W. Mitchell , S. Miyake , A. A. Moiseev , K. Mori , M. Mori , N. Mori , H. M. Motz , K. Munakata , H. Murakami , S. Nakahira , J. Nishimura , G. A. de Nolfo , S. Okuno , J. F. Ormes , S. Ozawa , L. Pacini , F. Palma , P. Papini , A. V. Penacchioni , B. F. Rauch , S. B. Ricciarini , K. Sakai , T. Sakamoto , M. Sasaki , Y. Shimizu , A. Shiomi , R. Sparvoli , P. Spillantini , F. Stolzi , J. E. Suh , A. Sulaj , I. Takahashi , M. Takayanagi , M. Takita , T. Tamura , T. Terasawa , H. Tomida , S. Torii , Y. Tsunesada , Y. Uchihori , S. Ueno , E. Vannuccini , J. P. Wefel , K. Yamaoka , S. Yanagita , A. Yoshida , K. Yoshida

Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Antiproton Spectrum

The energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons has been measured in the range 0.18 to 3.56 GeV, based on 458 antiprotons collected by BESS in recent solar-minimum period. We have detected for the first time a distinctive peak at 2 GeV of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-20 S. Orito , T. Maeno , H. Matsunaga , K. Abe , K. Anraku , Y. Asaoka , M. Fujikawa , M. Imori , M. Ishino , Y. Makida , N. Matsui , H. Matsumoto , J. Mitchell , T. Mitsui , A. Moiseev , M. Motoki , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , J. Ormes , T. Saeki , T. Sanuki , M. Sasaki , E. S. Seo , Y. Shikaze , T. Sonoda , R. Streitmatter , J. Suzuki , K. Tanaka , I. Ueda , N. Yajima , T. Yamagami , A. Yamamoto , T. Yoshida , K. Yoshimura

Cosmic-ray spectra of primary protons and high altitude muons deconvolved from observed atmospheric gamma rays

We have observed atmospheric gamma rays from 30GeV to 8TeV, using emulsion chambers at balloon altitudes, accumulating the largest total exposure in this energy range to date, SOT ~ 6.66m^2.sr.day. At very high altitudes, with residual…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Yoshida , R. Ohmori , T. Kobayashi , Y. Komori , Y. Sato , J. Nishimura

Cosmic ray spectrum of protons plus helium nuclei between 6 TeV and 158 TeV from HAWC data

A measurement with high statistics of the differential energy spectrum of light elements in cosmic rays, in particular, of primary H plus He nuclei, is reported. The spectrum is presented in the energy range from $6$ to $158$ TeV per…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-15 HAWC Collaboration , A. Albert , R. Alfaro , C. Alvarez , J. R. Angeles Camacho , J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez , K. P. Arunbabu , D. Avila Rojas , H. A. Ayala Solares , E. Belmont-Moreno , C. Brisbois , K. S. Caballero-Mora , T. Capistrán , A. Carramiñana , S. Casanova , U. Cotti , J. Cotzomi , E. De la Fuente , R. Diaz Hernandez , M. A. DuVernois , M. Durocher , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , C. Espinoza , N. Fraija , J. A. García-González , F. Garfias , M. M. González , J. A. Goodman , J. P. Harding , B. Hona , D. Huang , F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla , P. Hüntemeyer , A. Iriarte , V. Joshi , D. Kieda , G. J. Kunde , A. Lara , W. H. Lee , H. León Vargas , J. T. Linnemann , A. L. Longinotti , G. Luis-Raya , K. Malone , O. Martinez , J. Martínez-Castro , J. A. Matthews , P. Miranda-Romagnoli , J. A. Morales-Soto , E. Moreno , M. Mostafá , A. Nayerhoda , L. Nellen , M. Newbold , R. Noriega-Papaqui , N. Omodei , E. G. Pérez-Pérez , C. D. Rho , D. Rosa-González , H. Salazar , F. Salesa Greus , A. Sandoval , J. Serna-Franco , A. J. Smith , R. W. Springer , K. Tollefson , I. Torres , R. Torres-Escobedo , F. Ureña-Mena , L. Villaseñor , X. Wang , E. Willox , H. Zhou , C. de León , J. D. Álvarez , G. B. Yodh , A. Zepeda

Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

A precision measurement of the proton flux in primary cosmic rays with rigidity from 1 GV to 1.8 TV is presented based on 300 million events. The results show that the proton flux is smooth and exhibits no sharp structures with rigidity.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-28 Cristina Consolandi

Preparation of enriched cosmic ray mass groups with KASCADE

The KASCADE experiment measures a high number of EAS observables with a large degree of sampling of the electron-photon, muon, and hadron components. It provides accurate data for an event-by-event analysis of the primary cosmic ray flux in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 KASCADE Collaboration , T. Antoni

Measurement of the Proton Maximum Acceleration Energy in Galactic Cosmic Rays

Cosmic rays represent one of the most important energy transformation processes of the universe. They bring information about the surrounding universe, our galaxy, and very probably also the extragalactic space, at least at the highest…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-07 G. Di Sciascio , INFN - Roma Tor Vergata

Measurement of Low-Energy Cosmic-Ray Antiprotons at Solar Minimum

The absolute fluxes of the cosmic-ray antiprotons at solar minimum are measured in the energy range 0.18 to 1.4 GeV, based on 43 events unambiguously detected in BESS '95 data. The resultant energy spectrum appears to be flat below 1 GeV,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-17 H. Matsunaga , S. Orito , H. Matsumoto , K. Yoshimura , A. Moiseev , K. Anraku , R. Golden , M. Imori , Y. Makida , J. Mitchell , M. Motoki , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , J. Ormes , T. Saeki , T. Sanuki , R. Streitmatter , J. Suzuki , K. Tanaka , I. Ueda , N. Yajima , T. Yamagami , A. Yamamoto , T. Yoshida