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A planet's magnetosheath extends from downstream of its bow shock up to the magnetopause where the solar wind flow is deflected around the magnetosphere and the solar wind embedded magnetic field lines are draped. This makes the region an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-20 A. H. Sulaiman , A. Masters , M. K. Dougherty , X. Jia

We show that that an interstellar magnetic field can produce a north/south asymmetry in solar wind termination shock. Using Voyager 1 and 2 measurements, we suggest that the angle $\alpha$ between the interstellar wind velocity and magnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Merav Opher , Edward C. Stone , Paulett C. Liewer

The intensity and energy spectrum of energetic charged radiation in the heliosphere are significantly influenced by solar activity. This phenomenon is known as solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays. As interplanetary travel becomes a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-16 Miguel Orcinha , Fernando Barão , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , David Pelosi , Nicola Tomassetti

The impact of high-speed jets -- dynamic pressure enhancements in the magnetosheath -- on the Earth's magnetopause has been observed to trigger local magnetic reconnection. We perform a three-dimensional hybrid simulation to study the…

Space Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 J. Ng , L. -J. Chen , Y. Omelchenko

Composed of shocked solar wind, the Earth's magnetosheath serves as a natural laboratory to study the transition of turbulence from low Alfv{\'e}n Mach number, $M_\mathrm{A}$, to high $M_\mathrm{A}$. The simultaneous observations of…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Hui Li , Wence Jiang , Chi Wang , Daniel Verscharen , Chen Zeng , C. T. Russell , B. Giles , J. L. Burch

We show that the electron thermal conductivity may strongly affect the heliosheath plasma flow and the global pattern of the solar wind (SW) interaction with the local interstellar medium (LISM). In particular, it leads to strong reduction…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 V. V. Izmodenov , D. B. Alexashov , M. S. Ruderman

We suggest an analogy between energetic particle and magnetic field observations made by the Voyager 1 spacecraft in the distant heliosheath at 122 AU in August 2012, and those made in the distant geomagnetic tail by the ISEE 3 spacecraft…

Space Physics · Physics 2016-03-25 Ian G. Richardson

During the solar cycle, the Sun's magnetic field polarity reverses due to the emergence, cancellation, and advection of magnetic flux towards the rotational poles. Flux emergence events occasionally cluster together, although it is unclear…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Adam J. Finley

As the local interstellar plasma flows past our heliosphere, it is slowed and deflected around the magnetic obstacle of the heliopause. The interstellar magnetic field, frozen into this plasma, then becomes draped around the heliopause in a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Philip A. Isenberg , Terry G. Forbes , Eberhard Mobius

The interaction between the solar wind and a magnetosphere is fundamental to the dynamics of a planetary system. Here, we address fundamental questions on the large-scale magnetosheath flow around Saturn using a 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)…

Space Physics · Physics 2017-08-30 A. H. Sulaiman , X. Jia , N. Achilleos , N. Sergis , D. A. Gurnett , W. S. Kurth

We have derived background corrected intensities of 3-50 MeV galactic electrons observed by Voyager 1 as it passes through the heliosheath from 95 to 122 AU. The overall intensity change of the background corrected data from the inner to…

Space Physics · Physics 2017-08-09 W. R. Webber , N. Lal , B. Heikkila

The interaction between Jupiter's magnetosphere and the solar wind is not well-constrained: while internal energetic plasma processes are thought to dominate plasma circulation, the solar wind nonetheless exerts significant control over the…

Observations of magnetic helicity transportation through the solar photosphere reflect the interaction of turbulent plasma movements and magnetic fields in the solar dynamo process. In this chapter, we have reviewed the research process of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-14 Hongqi Zhang , Shangbin Yang , Haiqing Xu , Xiao Yang , Jie Chen , Jihong Liu

We present evidence for finite magnetic helicity density in the heliosphere and numerical models thereof, and relate it to the magnetic field properties of the dynamo in the solar convection zone. We use simulations and solar wind data to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-03 Jörn Warnecke , Axel Brandenburg , Dhrubaditya Mitra

We discuss a model of cosmic ray acceleration that accounts for the observations of anomalous cosmic rays by Voyager 1 and 2. The model appeals to fast magnetic reconnection rather than shocks as the driver of acceleration. The ultimate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-28 A. Lazarian , M. Opher

Solar jets, collimated plasma ejections driven by magnetic reconnection, play a vital role in energy transport and coronal heating. While rotational motions in jets are often attributed to magnetic field untwisting, alternative explanatory…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-25 Lei Huang , Yang Guo , Zhen Li , Jinhan Guo , Mingde Ding

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections, the primary space weather disturbances affecting the entire heliosphere and near-Earth environment, mainly emanate from sunspot regions harbouring high degrees of magnetic twist. However, it is not…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-01 Shin Toriumi , Hideyuki Hotta , Kanya Kusano

Coronal jets are observed above minority polarity intrusions throughout the solar corona. Some of the most energetic occur on the periphery of active regions where the magnetic field is strongly inclined. These jets exhibit a non-radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 Peter F. Wyper , C. Richard DeVore , Spiro K. Antiochos

Active region recurrent jets are manifestations of episodic magnetic energy release processes driven by complex interactions in the lower solar atmosphere. While magnetic flux emergence and cancellation are widely recognized as key…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-03 Aabha Monga , Satoshi Inoue , Jeongwoo Lee , Haimin Wang , Viggo Hansteen

Despite investments in multiple space and ground-based solar observatories by the global community, the Sun's polar regions remain unchartered territory - the last great frontier for solar observations. Breaching this frontier is…