Related papers: The Missing X-ray Background
Chandra and XMM-Newton have resolved the 2-8 keV X-ray Background (XRB) into point sources. Many of the fainter sources are obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) with column densities in the range of 10^22-10^23 pcmsq, some of which have…
Measuring the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) is a key to understand the Active Galactic Nuclei population, their absorption distribution and their average spectra. However, hard X-ray instruments suffer from time-dependent backgrounds and…
We present preliminary results from a XMM-Newton spectroscopic survey of hard (2 -10 keV) X-ray sources detected serendipitously in seven EPIC FOVs. All observations were performed during the performance/verif ication phase. The resulting…
Most of the energy of the X-ray background is contributed by sources with a hard X-ray spectrum, harder than the spectrum observed in nearby type 1 AGNs. The hard background contributors are conventionally identified with type 2 AGNs,…
We exploit XMM-Newton archival data in a study of the extended X-ray emission emanating from the Galactic Centre (GC) region. EPIC-pn and EPIC-MOS observations, with a total exposure approaching 0.5 and 1 Ms respectively, were used to…
The Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray telescopes have led to numerous advances in the study and understanding of astrophysical X-ray sources. Particularly important has been the much increased spectral resolution of modern X-ray instrumentation.…
We select a sample of nearby Ultraluminous X-ray sources with long XMM-Newton observations and analyse all the available XMM-Newton data using both X-ray spectral fitting techniques and hardness-intensity diagrams. The sample includes IC…
The X-ray background (XRB) is produced by a large number of faint sources distributed over a wide range of redshifts. The XRB carries information on the spatial distribution and evolution of these sources. The goals of the paper are: 1. to…
Almost all of the extragalactic X-ray background (XRB) at 0.25 keV can be accounted for by radio-quiet quasars, allowing us to derive an upper limit of 4 \bgunit\ for the remaining background at 0.25 keV. However, the XRB from the gas halos…
We provide important new constraints on the nature and redshift distribution of optically faint (R>25) X-ray sources in the Chandra Deep Field South Survey. We show that we can derive accurate photometric redshifts for the spectroscopically…
Normal galaxies are faint and complex X-ray sources that provide very powerful probes for fundamental astrophysical questions. Examples include: the study of populations of X-ray emitting sources; the study of the entire spectrum of…
We present results from the photometric and spectroscopic identification of 122 X-ray sources discovered by XMM-Newton in the 2-10 keV band (the HELLAS2XMM 1dF sample). One of the most interesting results (which is found also in deeper…
Deep surveys of the cosmic X-ray background are reviewed in the context of observational progress enabled by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission-Newton. The sources found by deep surveys are described along with…
Recent observational results obtained with SCUBA, COBE and ISO have greatly improved our knowledge of the infrared and sub-mm background radiation. These limits become constraining given the realization that most AGNs are heavily obscured…
The synthesis model for the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) -based on the integrated emission of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs)- is complemented with new observational results. We adopt the most recent estimates of the AGN X-ray luminosity…
In the framework of the study of extragalactic radio sources, we will focus on the importance of the spatial resolution at different wavelengths, and of the combination of observations at different frequency bands. In particular, a…
Most old distant radio galaxies should be extended X-ray sources due to inverse Compton scattering of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photons. Such sources can be an important component in X-ray surveys for high redshift clusters, due to…
We present preliminary results on the optical identifications of sources from the High Energy Large Area Survey performed with XMM-Newton (HELLAS2XMM). This survey covers about 3 square degrees of sky down to a 2-10 keV flux of 7 x 10^-15…
We present measurements of the soft X-ray background (SXRB) O VII and O VIII intensity between $l = 120\degr$ and $l = 240\degr$, the first results of a survey of the SXRB using archival XMM-Newton observations. We do not restrict ourselves…
The X-Ray Background (XRB) probes structure on scales intermediate between those explored by local galaxy redshift surveys and by the COBE Microwave Background measurements. We predict the large scale angular fluctuations in the XRB,…