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Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are increasingly deployed in domains such as privacy-preserving authentication, verifiable computation, and secure finance. However, authoring ZK programs remains challenging: unlike conventional software…
Atomic diffusion has been recognized as an important process that has to be considered in any computations of stellar models. In solar-type and cooler stars, this process is dominated by gravitational settling, which is now included in most…
The eT program is an open-source electronic structure program with emphasis on performance and modularity. As its name suggests, the program features extensive coupled cluster capabilities, performing well compared to other electronic…
(ABRIDGED) Motivated by the desire to reliably and automatically classify structure of thousands of COSMOS galaxies, we present ZEST, the Zurich Estimator of Structural Types. To classify galaxy structure, ZEST uses: (i) Five non-parametric…
While magnetic fields have long been considered to be important for the evolution of magnetic non-degenerate stars and compact stars, it has become clear in recent years that actually all of the stars are deeply affected. This is…
The formation of a star is a dynamic process fed by the gravitational collapse of a molecular cloud core. Theoretical models and observations suggest that the majority of this infalling material settles into a protoplanetary disk before…
The genome is software because it a set of verbal instructions for a programmable computer, the ribosome. The theory of evolution now reads: evolution is the software developer responsible for the existence of the genome. We claim that this…
Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit world knowledge and inference capabilities, making them powerful tools for various applications. This paper proposes a feedback loop mechanism that leverages these capabilities to tune Evolution…
We study the evolution of global shapes of galaxies using cosmological simulations. The shapes refer to the components of dark matter (DM), stars and gas at the stellar half-mass radius. Most galaxies undergo a characteristic compaction…
We present EMERGE, an Empirical ModEl for the foRmation of GalaxiEs, describing the evolution of individual galaxies in large volumes from $z\sim10$ to the present day. We assign a star formation rate to each dark matter halo based on its…
Thorne-$\.Z$ytkow objects (T$\.Z$O) are potential end products of the merger of a neutron star with a non-degenerate star. In this work, we have computed the first grid of evolutionary models of T$\.Z$Os with the MESA stellar evolution…
Designing effective control policies for autonomous systems remains a fundamental challenge, traditionally addressed through reinforcement learning or manual engineering. While reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success, it…
The star-forming main sequence of galaxies has now been observed out to redshifts of $z\sim6$ and beyond. However, it remains unclear how long typical galaxies remain on or near it as they evolve, and how frequently they return after…
The proximity to the Eddington luminosity has been attributed as the cause of several observed effects in massive stars. Computationally, if the luminosity carried through radiation exceeds the local Eddington luminosity in the low-density…
We study the formation and evolution of several molecules in a collapsing interstellar cloud using a reasonably large reaction network containing more then four hundred atomic and molecular species. We employ a time dependent, spherically…
We investigate the evolution of the cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) from redshift z=20 to z=0 and compare it with the observational one by Madau and Dickinson derived from recent compilations of UV and IR data. The theoretical…
Aims. To understand the roles of infall and protostellar evolution on the envelopes of massive young stellar objects (YSOs). Methods. The chemical evolution of gas and dust is traced, including infall and realistic source evolution. The…
New facilities and technologies have advanced our understanding of massive stars significantly over the past 30 years. Here I introduce a new large survey of massive stars using VLT-FLAMES, noting the target fields and observed binary…
Mass loss and variability are two linked, fundamental properties of evolved stars. In this paper I review our current understanding of these processes, with a particular focus on how observations and models are used to constrain reliable…
The genetic blueprint for the essential functions of life is encoded in DNA, which is translated into proteins -- the engines driving most of our metabolic processes. Recent advancements in genome sequencing have unveiled a vast diversity…