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Related papers: Holography and Variable Cosmological Constant

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The effects of the cosmological constant on the static equilibrium configurations and stability against small radial perturbations of relativistic polytropic spheres are investigated. This study numerically solves the hydrostatic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-15 José D. V. Arbañil , Pedro H. R. S. Moraes

We introduce Hausdorff-Colombeau measure in respect with negative fractal dimensions. Axiomatic quantum field theory in spacetime with negative fractal dimensions is proposed.Spacetime is modelled as a multifractal subset of $R^{4}$ with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-07-03 J. Foukzon , E. R. Menkova , A. A. Potapov , S. A. Podosenov

In theories in which the cosmological constant Lambda takes a variety of values in different ``subuniverses,'' the probability distribution of its observed values is conditioned by the requirement that there must be someone to measure it.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Hugo Martel , Paul R. Shapiro , Steven Weinberg

With cooling of the cosmological plasma during phase transitions in the early Universe vacuum condensates of quantum fields were produced with negative energy density. Probably these condensates have compensated the initial vacuum energy.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Burdyuzha

We make the cosmological constant, {\Lambda}, into a field and restrict the variations of the action with respect to it by causality. This creates an additional Einstein constraint equation. It restricts the solutions of the standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 John D. Barrow , Douglas J. Shaw

We propose possible properties of quantum gravity in de Sitter space, and find that they relate the value of the cosmological constant to parameters of the Standard Model. In de Sitter space we suggest (i) that the most sharply defined…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-07 Mark P. Hertzberg , Abraham Loeb

The current vacuum energy density observed as dark energy ${ \rho }_{ \rm dark }\simeq 2.5\times10^{-47}\ {\rm GeV^{4}}$ is unacceptably small compared with any other scales. Therefore, we encounter serious fine-tuning problem and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-07 Kazunori Kohri , Hiroki Matsui

We have critically compared different approaches to the cosmological constant problem, which is at the edge of elementary particle physics and cosmology. This problem is deeply connected with the difficulties formulating a theory of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Stefan Nobbenhuis

Starting from generic quantum effects at the Planck scale M_P, we find that the renormalization group running of the cosmological constant (CC) at low energies is possible if there is a smooth decoupling of all massive particles from M_P to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ilya L. Shapiro , Joan Sola

A scale-dependent cosmological constant $\Lambda$ and the Newton constant G emerge naturally in quantum field theory in a curved space-time background leading to renormalization group running cosmologies. A scale-setting procedure is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-07-27 Branko Guberina

We endorse the context that the cosmological constant problem is a quantum cosmology issue. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the $q$-deformed Wheeler-DeWitt equation of a spatially closed homogeneous and isotropic Universe in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-02 S. Jalalzadeh , A. J. S. Capistrano , P. V. Moniz

The cosmological constant term, $\Lambda$, in Einstein's equations has been for three decades a building block of the concordance or standard $\Lambda$CDM model of cosmology. Although the latter is not free of fundamental problems, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-18 Cristian Moreno-Pulido , Joan Sola Peracaula

The Cosmological Constant Problem emerges when Quantum Field Theory is applied to the gravitational theory, due to the enormous magnitude of the induced energy of the vacuum. The unique known solution of this problem involves an extremely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ilya L. Shapiro , Joan Sola

The nature of the cosmological constant is a mystery. We don't understand its quantum origin but we associate it with the actual acceleration of the universe because it is the simplest description we had until recently of the present…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-15 Juan García-Bellido

Why the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ observed today is so much smaller than the Planck scale or why the universe is accelerating at present? This is so-called the cosmological constant fine-tuning problem. In this paper, we find that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-26 Chao-Jun Feng , Xin-Zhou Li

I argue that a solution to the cosmological constant problem is to assume that the expectation value of the quantum vacuum stress-energy tensor is proportional to the metric tensor with a negative energy density and positive pressure. This…

General Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Emilio Santos

It is shown that the cosmological relativity theory prdicts the value Lambda = 1.934 x 10^-35 s^-2 for the cosmological constant. This value of Lambda is in exellent agreement with the measurements recently obtained by the High-Z Supernova…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Moshe Carmeli , Tanya Kuzmenko

We present a simple model where the effective cosmological constant appears from chameleon scalar fields. For a Kachru-Kallosh-Linde-Trivedi (KKLT)-inspired form of the potential and a particular chameleon coupling to the local density,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-03 Horatiu Nastase , Amanda Weltman

One of the most enduring and unresolved challenges in modern theoretical and observational cosmology is the fine-tuning and coincidence problems associated with the cosmological constant. Rather than attempting to reconcile these issues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-24 H. R. Fazlollahi

After a short history of the $\Lambda$-term it is explained why the (effective) cosmological constant is expected to obtain contributions from short-distance physics, corresponding to an energy at least as large as the Fermi scale. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann