Related papers: Properties of Extensive Air Showers
Several experiments measure the fluorescence light produced by extensive air showers in the atmosphere. This light is converted into a longitudinal shower profile from which information on the primary energy and composition is derived. The…
Charm and bottom particles are rare in Extensive Air Showers but the effect of its presence can be radical in the development of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS). If such particles arise with a large fraction of the primary energy, they can…
The extended nebulae formed as pulsar winds expand into their surroundings provide information about the composition of the winds, the injection history from the host pulsar, and the material into which the nebulae are expanding.…
Extensive air showers (EAS) are a cascade of electromagnetic radiation and ionized particles that produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of a primary cosmic ray with the atom of nucleus in the air producing a huge amount of…
The technique of adjoint cascade equations has been applied to calculate the properties of extremely high energy gamma-rays in the energy range 10^18--10^22 eV with taking into account the LPM effect and interactions of gamma-rays with the…
We developed a radio interferometric technique for the observation of extensive air showers initiated by cosmic particles. In this proof-of-principle study we show that properties of extensive air showers can be derived with high accuracy…
In this work, the relation between muon production in extensive air showers and features of hadronic multiparticle production at low energies is studied. Using CORSIKA, we determine typical energies and phase space regions of secondary…
We introduce a simple branching model for the development of hadronic showers in the Earth's atmosphere. Based on this model, we show how the size of the pionic component followed by muons can be estimated. Several aspects of the subsequent…
The increasing cosmic ray statistics collected by present experiments and the future prospects with new large arrays demand accurate calculations of the extensive air shower parameters. The energy of the primary particle is estimated by…
The concept of "age" as a parameter for the description of the state of development of high energy showers in the atmosphere has been in use in cosmic ray studies for several decades. In this work we briefly discuss how this concept,…
A complete, kinetic description of electron-seeded strong-field QED showers in crossed electromagnetic fields is derived. The kinetic structure of the shower and its temporal evolution are shown to be a function of two parameters: the…
An analytical description of the time structure of the pulses induced by muons in air showers at ground level is deduced assuming the production distance distribution for the muons can be obtained elsewhere. The results of this description…
A simple analytical argument is proposed for a possible explanation of the characteristics of the lateral shower age ($s$) of proton ($p$)/nuclei-initiated showers. The analytical argument states that lateral density distribution (LDD) of…
In this article I briefly discuss the characteristics of the Auger observatories paying particular attention to the role of inclined showers, both in the search for high energy neutrino interactions deep in the atmosphere and as an…
Hadronic cross sections at ultra-high energy have a significant impact on the development of extensive air shower cascades. Therefore the interpretation of air shower data depends critically on hadronic interaction models that extrapolate…
Very high energy cosmic rays are typically studied by measuring extensive air showers formed by secondary particles produced in collisions with air nuclei. The indirect character of the measurement makes the physics interpretation of cosmic…
A shower array exploiting the full coverage approach with a high segmentation of the readout allow to image the front of atmospheric showers with unprecedented resolution and detail. The grid distance determines the energy threshold (small…
The extended nebulae formed as pulsar winds expand into their surroundings provide information about the composition of the winds, the injection history from the host pulsar, and the material into which the nebulae are expanding.…
We report on a study about some characteristics of muon production during the development of extended air showers initiated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. Using simulations with the recent new version of the AIRES air shower simulation…
Present status of experimental studies of inelastic diffraction at the Large Hadron Collider is analysed. Impact of the current uncertainties concerning the diffraction rate on the predicted extensive air shower development is investigated.…