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We review the theory of inflationary perturbations. Perturbations at both linear and nonlinear orders are reviewed. We also review a variety of inflation models, emphasizing their signatures on cosmic perturbations.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Yi Wang

A short introduction to structure formation is given, followed by a discussion of the possible characteristics of the initial perturbations assuming a generic inflationary origin. Observational data related to large-scale structure and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Pedro Viana

We provide a concise review on multi-field inflation and cosmological perturbations. We discuss convenient and physically meaningful bases in terms of which perturbations can be systematically studied. We give formal accounts on the gauge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-02-08 Jinn-Ouk Gong

The linear cosmological perturbation theory of almost homogeneous and isotropic perfect fluid and scalar field universes is reconsidered and formally simplified. Using the existence of a covariant conserved quantity on large perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Winfried Zimdahl

Three-forms can give rise to viable cosmological scenarios of inflation and dark energy with potentially observable signatures distinct from standard single scalar field models. In this study, the background dynamics and linear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-19 Tomi S. Koivisto , Nelson J. Nunes

This note derives the analogue of the Mukhanov-Sasaki variables both for scalar and tensor perturbations in the 1+3 covariant formalism. The possibility of generalizing them to non-flat Friedmann-Lemaitre universes is discussed.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Cyril Pitrou , Jean-Philippe Uzan

These lecture notes introduce the reader to the hot big bang model, cosmological perturbations, gravitational waves, the cosmic microwave background, inflation, the singularity problem, the cosmological constant problem and the cosmology of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-17 Gianluca Calcagni , Maria Grazia Di Luca , Tomáš Fodran

In these lectures the present status of the so-called standard cosmological model, based on the hot Big Bang theory and the inflationary paradigm is reviewed. Special emphasis is given to the origin of the cosmological perturbations we see…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-01-26 A. Riotto

This is a short review, aimed at a general audience, of several current subjects of research in cosmology. The topics discussed include the cosmic microwave background (CMB), with particular emphasis on its relevance for testing inflation;…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-06-21 Marc Kamionkowski

The formation of structure in the Universe offers some of the most powerful evidence in favour of the existence of dark matter in the Universe. We summarize recent work by ourselves and our collaborators, using linear and quasi-linear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew R Liddle , Pedro T P Viana

I review the current status of the theory of Cosmic Inflation. My discussion covers the motivation and implementation of the idea, as well as an analysis of recent successes and open questions. There is a special discussion of the physics…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andreas Albrecht

We develop a non-linear framework for describing long-wavelength perturbations in multiple-field inflation. The basic variables describing inhomogeneities are defined in a non-perturbative manner, are invariant under changes of time slicing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. I. Rigopoulos , E. P. S. Shellard , B. J. W. van Tent

These lectures are intended to give a pedagogical introduction to the main current picture of the very early universe. After elementary reviews of general relativity and of the standard Big Bang model, the following subjects are discussed:…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 David Langlois

Modified theories of gravity have been invoked recently as an alternative to dark energy, in an attempt to explain the apparent accelerated expansion of the universe at the present time. In order to describe inhomogeneities in cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-15 Adam J. Christopherson

After introducing gauge-invariant cosmological perturbation theory we give an improved set of governing equations for multiple fluids including energy transfer. Having defined adiabatic and entropic perturbations we derive the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karim A. Malik

These lecture notes intend to form a short pedagogical introduction to inflationary cosmology, highlighting selected areas of recent progress such as reheating and the theory of cosmological perturbations. Problems of principle for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert H. Brandenberger

This set of lectures provides an overview of the basic theory and phenomenology of the cosmic microwave background. Topics include a brief historical review; the physics of temperature and polarization fluctuations; acoustic oscillations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arthur Kosowsky

We give a detailed and improved presentation of our recently proposed formalism for non-linear perturbations in cosmology, based on a covariant and fully non-perturbative approach. We work, in particular, with a covector combining the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David Langlois , Filippo Vernizzi

These lecture notes discuss several topics in the physics of cosmic structure formation starting from the evolution of small-amplitude fluctuations in the radiation-dominated era. The topics include relativistic cosmological perturbation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Edmund Bertschinger

These lecture notes provide a concise, rapid and pedagogical introduction to several advanced topics in contemporary cosmology. The discussion of thermal history of the universe, linear perturbation theory, theory of CMBR temperature…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-09 T. Padmanabhan
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