Related papers: Supernova Properties from Shock Breakout X-rays
We present two high-resolution Chandra X-ray observations of supernova (SN) 1994I which show, for the first time, that the interaction of the blast wave from a Type Ic SN with its surrounding circumstellar material (CSM) can give rise to…
Recent numerical simulations suggest that Population III (Pop III) stars were born with masses not larger than $\sim 100 M_{\odot}$ but typically $\sim 40M_{\odot}$. By self-consistently considering the jet generation and propagation in the…
Aims: We study the diffuse X-ray emission observed in the field of view of the pulsar B 0540-69 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) by XMM-Newton. We want to understand the nature of this soft diffuse emission, which coincides with the…
Multiwavelength observations of Type II supernovae have shown evidence for the interaction of supernovae with the dense slow winds from the red supergiant progenitor stars. Observations of planetary nebulae and the nebula around SN 1987A…
Observations indicate that optically thick circum-stellar medium (CSM) at radii of $10^{14}-10^{15}~$cm around Type II core-collapse supernovae (SN) progenitors is common (and may be present in other types of massive star explosions). The…
Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), conducted since 1990, now offer an unprecedented glimpse into fast astrophysical shocks in the young remnant of supernova 1987A. Comparing observations taken in 2010 using the refurbished…
The progenitors of hydrogen-poor core-collapse supernovae (SNe) of types Ib, Ic and IIb are believed to have shed their outer hydrogen envelopes either by extremely strong stellar winds, characteristic of classical Wolf-Rayet stars, or by…
A number of supernovae, classified as Type II, show remarkably peculiar properties such as an extremely low expansion velocity and an extraordinarily small amount of $^{56}$Ni in the ejecta. We present a joint analysis of the available…
We report an up-turn in the soft X-ray light curve of supernova remnant (SNR) 1987A in late 2003 (~6200 days after the explosion), as observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Since early 2004, the rapid increase of the 0.5-2 keV band…
Supernova remnants (SNRs) offer the means to study SN explosions, dynamics, and shocks at sub-parsec scales. X-ray observations probe the hot metals synthesized in the explosion and the TeV electrons accelerated by the shocks, and thus they…
We present all X-ray and radio observations of the Type IIn supernova SN 2010jl. The X-ray observations cover a period up to day 1500 with Chandra, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR and Swift-XRT. The Chandra observations after 2012 June, the XMM-Newton…
Shock breakout is the first electromagnetic signal from supernovae (SNe), which contains important information on the explosion energy and the size and chemical composition of the progenitor star. This paper presents the first…
The unprecedented spatial and spectral resolutions of Chandra have revolutionized our view of the X-ray emission from supernova remnants. The excellent data sets accumulated on young, ejecta dominated objects like Cas A or Tycho present a…
We have been monitoring the supernova remnant (SNR) 1987A with {\it Chandra} observations since 1999. Here we report on the latest change in the soft X-ray light curve of SNR 1987A. For the last $\sim$1.5 yr (since day $\sim$8000), the soft…
Early-time observations of the Type II supernovae (SNe) 2013cu and 2013fs have revealed an interaction of ejecta with material near the star surface. Unlike the Type IIn SN2010jl, which interacts with a dense wind for ~1yr, the interaction…
The emission of supernova remnants reflects the properties of both the progenitor supernovae and the surrounding environment. The complex morphology of the remnants, however, hampers the disentanglement of the two contributions. Here we aim…
We compare early ultraviolet (UV) observations of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) with theoretical predictions for the brightness of the shock associated with the collision between SN ejecta and a companion star. Our simple method is…
The radius and surface composition of an exploding massive star, as well as the explosion energy per unit mass, can be measured using early ultraviolet (UV) observations of core-collapse supernovae (CC SNe). We present the results from a…
We show that a collisionless shock necessarily forms during the shock breakout of a supernova (SN) surrounded by an optically thick wind. An intense non-thermal flash of <~ MeV gamma rays, hard X-rays and multi-TeV neutrinos is produced…
It is difficult to establish the properties of massive stars that explode as supernovae. The electromagnetic emission during the first minutes to hours after the emergence of the shock from the stellar surface conveys important information…