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Quadruple gravitational lens systems offer the possibility of measuring time delays for image pairs, microlensing effects, and extinction in distant galaxies. Observations of these systems may be used to obtain estimates of H_o and to study…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Emilio E. Falco , Joseph Lehar , Irwin I. Shapiro

Reconstructing lens potentials and lensed sources can easily become an underconstrained problem, even when the degrees of freedom are low, due to degeneracies, particularly when potential perturbations superimposed on a smooth lens are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-27 Georgios Vernardos , Leon V. E. Koopmans

We present a detailed strong lensing analysis of an HST/ACS legacy dataset for the first gravitational lens, Q0957+561. With deep imaging we identify 24 new strongly lensed features, which we use to constrain mass models. We model the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ross Fadely , Charles R. Keeton , Reiko Nakajima , Gary M. Bernstein

A computer code is described for the simulation of gravitational lensing data. The code incorporates adaptive mesh refinement in choosing which rays to shoot based on the requirements of the source size, location and surface brightness…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-29 R. Benton Metcalf , Margarita Petkova

Archival HST/NICMOS-2 images of the Cloverleaf gravitational lens (H1413+117), a quadruply imaged quasar, have been analysed with a new method derived from the MCS deconvolution algorithm (Magain et al., 1998). This method is based on an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Virginie Chantry , Pierre Magain

A possible method to reconstruct the cosmic equation of state using strong gravitational lensing systems is proposed. The feasibility of the method is investigated by carrying out the reconstruction on the basis of a simple Monte-Carlo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Kazuhiro Yamamoto , Toshifumi Futamase

We report on the initial results obtained with an image convolution/deconvolution computer code that we developed and used to study the image formation capabilities of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). Although the SGL of a spherical Sun…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-15 Viktor T. Toth , Slava G. Turyshev

Strong gravitational lens systems with extended sources are of special interest because they provide additional constraints on the models of the lens systems. To use a gravitational lens system for measuring the Hubble constant, one would…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. H. Suyu , P. J. Marshall , M. P. Hobson , R. D. Blandford

A unique reconstruction of the image of a high redshift source galaxy responsible for multiple long arcs in the z = 0.4 cluster 0024+1654 is obtained by inverse lensing. Deep B and I imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope (Based on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Wesley N. Colley , J. Anthony Tyson , Edwin L. Turner

We examine models of the mass distribution for the first known case of gravitational lensing. Several new sets of constraints are used, based on recent observations. We remodel the VLBI observations of the radio jets in the two images of…

Dark matter caustics have specific density profiles and, therefore, precisely calculable gravitational lensing properties. We present a formalism which simplifies the relevant calculations, and apply it to four specific cases. In the first…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. Charmousis , V. Onemli , Z. Qiu , P. Sikivie

We use a new non-parametric gravitational modelling tool -- \Glass{} -- to determine what quality of data (strong lensing, stellar kinematics, and/or stellar masses) are required to measure the circularly averaged mass profile of a lens and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Jonathan P. Coles , Justin I. Read , Prasenjit Saha

Strong gravitational lensing provides a purely gravitational means to infer properties of dark matter halos and thereby constrain the particle nature of dark matter. Strong lenses sometimes appear as four lensed images of a background…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-20 Daniel Gilman , Simon Birrer , Anna Nierenberg , Maverick S. H. Oh

In image denoising problems, one widely-adopted approach is to minimize a regularized data-fit objective function, where the data-fit term is derived from a physical image acquisition model. Typically the regularizer is selected with two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-08-13 Albert Oh , Rebecca Willett

Generalizing a result for the binary lens, similar alternative expressions are also given for the Jacobian determinant for a gravitational lens consisting of an arbitrary number of discrete lensing centres, with arbitrary masses and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Richard Carson

Connected with the rise of interest in inverse problems is the development and analysis of regularization methods, which are a necessity due to the ill-posedness of inverse problems. Tikhonov-type regularization methods are very popular in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-16 Abinash Nayak

While gravitational lens inversion holds great promise to reveal the structure of the light-deflecting mass distribution, both light and dark, the existence of various kinds of degeneracies implies that care must be taken when interpreting…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-28 Jori Liesenborgs , Derek Perera , Liliya L. R. Williams

We study imaging of point sources with a quadrupole gravitational lens while focusing on the formation and evolution of the Einstein cross formed on the image sensor of an imaging telescope. We use a new type of a diffraction integral that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-14 Slava G. Turyshev , Viktor T. Toth

Keeping the exact general relativistic treatment of light bending as a reference, we compare the accuracy of commonly used approximate lens equations. We conclude that the best approximate lens equation is the Ohanian lens equation, for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 V. Bozza

Gravitational lensing allows us to probe the structure of matter on a broad range of astronomical scales, and as light from a distant source traverses an intervening galaxy, compact matter such as planets, stars, and black holes act as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-09 Hugh Garsden , Geraint F. Lewis