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The standard model of GRB afterglows assumes that relativistically expanding material is decelerating due to interaction with the surrounding medium. The afterglows are well described by the synchrotron radiation from a forward shock, while…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Shiho Kobayashi

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely bright phenomena powered by relativistic jets arising from explosive events at cosmological distances. The nature of the jet and the configuration of the local magnetic fields are still unclear, with…

We report polarization measurements and photometry for the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 020405. We measured a highly significant 9.9% polarization (in V band) 1.3 days after the burst and argue that it is intrinsic to the…

It has been recently proposed that current burst and afterglow observations can be accounted for by a top hat jet structure as well as by a more universal structured outflow, in which the energy carried by the flow is maximum at the jet…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Rossi , D. Lazzati , J. D. Salmonson , G. Ghisellini

We show that the re-brightening in the GRB 021004 optical afterglow light curve around ~ 0.1 day can be explained within the framework of the standard fireball model. The superposition of a forward and reverse shock emissions result in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Shiho Kobayashi , Bing Zhang

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are most probably powered by collimated relativistic outflows (jets) from accreting black holes at cosmological distances. Bright afterglows are produced when the outflow collides with the ambient medium. Afterglow…

Aims: GRB 050502B is well known for the very bright flare displayed in its X-ray light curve. Despite extensive studies, however, the optical light curve has never been discussed and its redshift is unconstrained. Possible correlations…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-11 P. Afonso , J. Greiner , E. Pian , S. Covino , D. Malesani , A. Küpcü Yoldaş , T. Krühler , C. Clemens , S. McBreen , A. Rau , D. Giannios , J. Hjorth

Some GRB afterglow light curves show significant variability, which often includes episodes of rebrightening. This was attributed in several cases to large fluctuations in the external density. Here we examine the effect of a sharp increase…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ehud Nakar , Jonathan Granot

We present a sample of radio afterglow light curves with measured decay slopes which show evidence for a flattening at late times compared to optical and X-ray decay indices. The simplest origin for this behavior is that the change in slope…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. A. Frail , B. D. Metzger , E. Berger , S. R. Kulkarni , S. A. Yost

Polarisation measurements of gamma-ray burst afterglows provide a powerful tool for probing the structure of relativistic jets. In this study, we revisit polarisation signals observed in gamma-ray burst afterglows, focusing on the effects…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-01 Thomas Baxter , Shiho Kobayashi

Here we calculate the GRB afterglow light curves from a relativistic jet as seen by observers at a wide range of viewing angles from the jet axis, and the jet is uniform or non-uniform. We find that, for uniform jet the afterglow light…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. M. Wei , Z. P. Jin

We present a possible theoretical interpretation of the observed afterglow emission of long gamma-ray burst GRB 080710. While its prompt GRB emission properties are normal, the afterglow light curves in the optical and infrared bands are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-10 Kaori Obayashi , Ayumu Toriyama , Mayu Murakoshi , Yuri Sato , Shuta J. Tanaka , Takanori Sakamoto , Ryo Yamazaki

We investigate the clustering of afterglow light curves observed at X-ray and optical wavelengths. We have constructed a sample of 61 bursts with known dis tance and X-ray afterglow. This sample includes bursts observed by BeppoSAX,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 B. Gendre , A. Galli , M. Boer

We numerically simulate the gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission with a one-zone time-dependent code. The temporal evolutions of the decelerating shocked shell and energy distributions of electrons and photons are consistently…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-02 Takuma Fukushima , Sho To , Katsuaki Asano , Yutaka Fujita

Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows arise from the interaction of relativistic ejecta with the circumburst medium and are observed across the electromagnetic spectrum. Afterglow polarisation is expected at early and late phases depending on…

We present a detailed study of the spectral and temporal properties of the X-ray and optical emission of GRB050713a up to 0.5 day after the main GRB event. The X-ray light curve exhibits large amplitude variations with several…

The optical afterglow of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) 000301C exhibited a significant, short-timescale deviation from the power-law flux decline expected in the standard synchrotron shock model. Garnavich, Loeb & Stanek found that this deviation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 B. Scott Gaudi , Jonathan Granot , Abraham Loeb

The early optical afterglow emission of several gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) shows a high linear polarization degree (PD) of tens of percent, suggesting an ordered magnetic field in the emission region. The light curves are consistent with being…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 Wei Deng , Bing Zhang , Hui Li , James M. Stone

A certain degree of linear polarization has been measured in several GRB afterglows. More surprisingly, circular polarization has been recently measured in GRB121024A. For synchrotron emission, the polarization level depends on: (i) the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-01 Lara Nava , Ehud Nakar , Tsvi Piran

The broadband afterglow of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is usually believed to originate from the synchrotron radiation of electrons accelerated by the external shock of relativistic jets. Therefore, the jet structure should have a significant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-03 Jin-Da Li , He Gao , Shunke Ai , Wei-Hua Lei