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A discursive, non-technical, analysis is made of some of the basic issues that arise in almost any approach to quantum gravity, and of how these issues stand in relation to recent developments in the field. Specific topics include the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Chris Isham

I review several issues related to statistical description of gravitating systems in both static and expanding backgrounds. After briefly reviewing the results for the static background, I concentrate on gravitational clustering of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-16 T. Padmanabhan

The quasi-static solutions of the matter density perturbation in various dark energy models and modified gravity models have been investigated in numerous papers. However, the oscillating solutions in those models have not been investigated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-18 Jiro Matsumoto

Recent multifrequency observations contribute to derive a comprehensive picture of the origin and evolution of relativistic particles in galaxy clusters. In this review I briefly discuss theoretical aspects and open problems of this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-19 G. Brunetti

We summarise the physics of first-order phase transitions in the early universe, and the possible ways in which they might come about. We then focus on gravitational waves, emphasising general qualitative features of stochastic backgrounds…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-17 Djuna Croon , David J. Weir

We discuss the production and evolution of cosmological gravitons showing how the cosmological background affects their dynamics. Besides, the detection of cosmological gravitons could constitute an extremely important signature to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-03 Salvatore Capozziello , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov

The gravitational N-body problem, for $N>2$, is the oldest unsolved problem in mathematical physics. Some of the most ideal examples that can be found in nature are globular star clusters, with $N \sim 10^6$. In this overview, I discuss six…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piet Hut

The problem of formation of generic structures in the Universe is addressed, whereby first the kinematics of inertial continua for coherent initial data is considered. The generalization to self--gravitating continua is outlined focused on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Buchert

This article reviews the prevailing paradigm for how galaxies and larger structures formed in the universe: gravitational instability. Basic observational facts are summarized to motivate the standard cosmological framework underlying most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Edmund Bertschinger

The analysis of the spatial distribution and kinematics of galaxies in clusters allows one to determine the cluster internal dynamics. In this paper, I review the state of the art of this topic. In particular, I summarize what we have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrea Biviano

This paper reviews selected aspects of the growth of cosmological structure, covering the following general areas: (1) expected characteristics of linear density perturbations according to various candidate theories for the origin of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. A. Peacock

The divergences coming from a particular sector of gravitational fluctuations around a generic background in general theories of quadratic gravity are analyzed. They can be summarized in a particular type of scalar model, whose properties…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-10 Enrique Álvarez , Jesús Anero

A specific theoretical framework is important for designing and conducting an experiment, and for interpretation of its results. The field of gravitational physics is expanding, and more clarity is needed. It appears that some popular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 L P Grishchuk

Some discussion of physical and geometrical interpretation of Einsteins theory of gravitation which is on basic of cosmology.

General Physics · Physics 2009-11-04 S. N. Pandey , B. K. Sinha

When a massive quantum body is put into a spatial superposition, it is of interest to consider the quantum aspects of the gravitational field sourced by the body. We argue that in order to understand how the body may become entangled with…

The paper considers a set of equations describing the static isotropic gravity field of a macroscopic body within the framework of the theory of gravity with a constraint. A general approximate solution of these equations is obtained. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-08 Alexander P. Sobolev , Aleksey Sobolev

The accelerating expansion of the Universe at recent epochs has called into question the validity of general relativity on cosmological scales. One probe of gravity is a comparison of expansion history of the Universe with the history of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Arthur Kosowsky , Suman Bhattacharya

We have constructed a nonlinear multi-graviton theory. An application of this theory to cosmology is discussed. We found that scale factors in a solution for this theory repeat acceleration and deceleration.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-10 Teruki Hanada , Kazuhiko Shinoda , Kiyoshi Shiraishi

Weak gravitational lensing of background galaxies is a unique, direct probe of the distribution of matter in clusters of galaxies. We review several important aspects of cluster weak gravitational lensing together with recent advances in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-12 Keiichi Umetsu

This lecture is an introduction to cosmological tests with clusters of galaxies. Here I do not intend to provide a complete review of the subject, but rather to describe the basic procedures to set up the fitting machinery to constrain…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Paolo Tozzi
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