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The major uncertainties in studies of the multi-scale structure of the Universe arise not from observational errors but from the variety of legitimate definitions and detection methods for individual structures. To facilitate the study of…
Advances in stellar interior modeling are being driven by new data from large-scale surveys and high-precision photometric and spectroscopic observations. Here we focus on single stars in normal evolutionary phases; we will not discuss the…
We study the evolution of two fiducial configurations for binary neutron stars using two different general relativistic hydrodynamics(GRHD), distributed adaptive mesh codes. One code, HAD, has for many years been used to study mergers of…
Whether it be due to rapid rotation or binary interactions, deviations from spherical symmetry are common in massive stars. These deviations from spherical symmetry are known to cause non-uniform distributions of various parameters across…
We present evolutionary tracks of binary systems with high mass companion stars and stellar-through-intermediate mass BHs. Using Eggleton's stellar evolution code, we compute the luminosity produced by accretion from the donor during its…
We establish a hierarchy of Euclidean stars according to their degree of complexity, as measured by the complexity factor and the complexity of the pattern of evolution. We consider both, nondissipative and dissipative systems. Solutions…
This paper - the first of a short series dedicated to the long-stan ding astronomical problem of de-projecting the bi-dimensional apparent morpholog y of a three-dimensional mass of gas - focuses on the density distribution in real…
A survey of currently known planet-hosting stars indicates that approximately 25% of extrasolar planetary systems are within dual-star environments. Several of these systems contain stellar companions on moderately close orbits, implying…
The description of the tempo-spatial evolution of the composition of cosmic gas on galactic scales is called 'modelling galactic chemical evolution'. It aims to use knowledge about sources of nucleosynthesis and how they change the…
Context: The dynamical evolution of binary populations in embedded star clusters shapes the statistical properties of binaries observed in the Galactic field. Accurately modelling this process requires resolving both early cluster dynamics…
The evolution of massive stars is affected by a variety of physical processes including convection, rotation, mass loss and binary interaction. Because these processes modify the internal chemical abundance profiles in multiple ways…
Cepheid stars are crucial objects for a variety of topics that range from stellar pulsation and the evolution of intermediate-mass stars to the understanding the structure of the Galaxy and the Universe through the distance measurements…
Our uncertainties about binary star systems (and triples and so on) limit our capabilities in literally every single one of the Thematic Areas identified for Astro2020. We need to understand the population statistics of stellar multiplicity…
This study is devoted to the cosmological "angular size - redshift" test. An analysis is performed of the angular and linear sizes of galaxies from the new ASTRODEEP-JWST catalogue, which contains over 500,000 objects at high redshifts (up…
Developing a theory of low-mass star formation ($\sim 0.1$ to 3~M$_{\odot}$) remains one of the most elusive and important goals of theoretical astrophysics. The star-formation process is the outcome of the complex dynamics of interstellar…
We summarize the main results from MODEST-1, the first workshop on MOdeling DEnse STellar systems. Our goal is to go beyond traditional population synthesis models, by introducing dynamical interactions between single stars, binaries, and…
We describe a simple computer package which illustrates a method of combining stellar dynamics with stellar evolution. Though the method is intended for elaborate applications (especially the dynamical evolution of rich star clusters) it is…
High-precision and long-duration light curves from space telescopes have revolutionized the fields of asteroseismology and binary star systems. In particular, the number of pulsating systems in eclipsing binaries has drastically increased…
We use the self-consistent model technique developed by Mart\'in-Manj\'on et al. (2008) that combines the chemical evolution with stellar population synthesis and photo-ionization codes, to study the star formation scenarios capable of…
Massive stars can develop into tepid supergiants at several stages of their post main-sequence evolution, prior to core He-burning, on a blue loop, or close to the final supernova explosion. We discuss observational constraints on models of…