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Time series shapelets are discriminative sub-sequences and their similarity to time series can be used for time series classification. Initial shapelet extraction algorithms searched shapelets by complete enumeration of all possible data…
Radio interferometry is the current method of choice for deep space astronomy, but in the past few decades optical techniques have become increasingly common. This research seeks to characterize the performance of aperture masking…
Aligned interstellar grains produce polarized extinction (observed at wavelengths from the far-ultraviolet to the mid-infrared), and polarized thermal emission (observed at far-infrared and submm wavelengths). The grains must be quite…
Shape from Polarization (SfP) estimates surface normals using photos captured at different polarizer rotations. Fundamentally, the SfP model assumes that light is reflected either diffusely or specularly. However, this model is not valid…
Scattering of anisotropic radiation by atoms, ions or molecules is sufficient to generate linear polarization observable in stars and planets atmospheres, circumstellar environments, and in particular in the Sun's atmosphere. This kind of…
We propose an unsupervised learning framework with the pretext task of finding dense correspondences between point cloud shapes from the same category based on the cycle-consistency formulation. In order to learn discriminative pointwise…
Important applications of single-particle tracking (SPT) aim at deciphering the diffusion properties of single fluorescent nanoparticles immersed in heterogeneous environments, such as multi-cellular biological tissues. To maximize the…
We construct a sample of numerical models for clusters of galaxies and employ these to investigate their capability of imaging background sources into long arcs. Emphasis is laid on the statistics of these arcs. We study cross sections for…
We propose a novel technique to probe shape of a single microbe embedded in a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) sample by observing geometry of dark brushes with optical microscope using a cross-polarizer set up. Assuming certain anchoring…
Implicit surface representations, such as signed-distance functions, combined with deep learning have led to impressive models which can represent detailed shapes of objects with arbitrary topology. Since a continuous function is learned,…
As a basic optical element, circular polarizer plays significant roles in signal transmission, measurements and life science microscopy. Three-dimensional (3D) chiral structures have been thought to be necessary to realize circular…
To fully understand the 3D context of a single image, a visual system must be able to segment both the visible and occluded regions of objects, while discerning their occlusion order. Ideally, the system should be able to handle any object…
The spatial resolution of astronomical images is limited by atmospheric turbulence and diffraction in the telescope optics, resulting in blurred images. This makes it difficult to accurately measure the brightness of blended objects because…
In this work, we survey recent studies on masked image modeling (MIM), an approach that emerged as a powerful self-supervised learning technique in computer vision. The MIM task involves masking some information, e.g. pixels, patches, or…
Gaussian aperture pupil masks (GAPMs) can in theory achieve the contrast requisite for directly imaging an extrasolar planet around a nearby solar type star. We outline the process of designing, fabricating, and testing a GAPM for use on…
The objective of this paper is self-supervised learning of video object segmentation. We develop a unified framework which simultaneously models cross-frame dense correspondence for locally discriminative feature learning and embeds…
For the optical testing of a large mirror with a long radius of curvature, it is generally necessary to use a single-shot phase-shifting interferometer to take several measurements because the influence of air turbulence on air…
Polarization provides additional diagnostic opportunities for probing the structured environments of massive stars as well as the illumination of those environments by stars that are not spherical. After a brief overview of polarization…
Image segmentation is about grouping pixels with different semantics, e.g., category or instance membership, where each choice of semantics defines a task. While only the semantics of each task differ, current research focuses on designing…
There are growing amount of very high-resolution polarized scattered light images of circumstellar disks. Nascent giant planets planets are surrounded by their own circumplanetary disks which may scatter and polarize both the planetary and…