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Almost a dozen circumbinary planets have been found transiting eclipsing binaries. For the first time the observational bias of this sample is calculated with respect to the mass ratio of the host binaries. It is shown that the mass ratio…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 David V. Martin

The origin of rings around giant planets remains elusive. Saturn's rings are massive and made of 90-95% of water ice. In contrast, the much less massive rings of Uranus and Neptune are dark and likely to have higher rock fraction. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Ryuki Hyodo , Sébastien Charnoz , Keiji Ohtsuki , Hidenori Genda

The 5:3 and 7:4 mean motion resonances of Neptune are at 42.3 and 43.7 au, respectively, and overlap with objects in the Classical trans-neptunian belt (Kuiper belt). We report the complete/partial lightcurves of 13 and 14 trans-Neptunian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-09 Audrey Thirouin , Scott S. Sheppard

The current populations trapped in Neptune's main mean motion resonances in the Kuiper belt, Plutinos in the 3:2 and Twotinos in the 2:1, contain some of the best-characterized minor objects in the Solar System, given their dynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-28 Marco A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez , Sebastián Ramírez , Antonio Peimbert , Angeles Pérez-Villegas , Cristobal Petrovich

We present radiation hydrodynamic simulations in which binary planets form by close encounters in a system of several super-Earth embryos. The embryos are embedded in a protoplanetary disk consisting of gas and pebbles and evolve in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Ondřej Chrenko , Miroslav Brož , David Nesvorný

Following its flyby and first imaging the Pluto-Charon binary, the New Horizons spacecraft visited the Kuiper-Belt-Object (KBO) (486958) 2014 MU69 (Arrokoth). Imaging showed MU69 to be a contact-binary, made of two individual lobes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-28 Evgeni Grishin , Uri Malamud , Hagai B. Perets , Oliver Wandel , Christoph M. Schaefer

This work is the first in a series of studies aimed at understanding the dynamics of highly eccentric binary neutron stars, and constructing an appropriate gravitational-waveform model for detection. Such binaries are possible sources for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-08 Huan Yang , William E. East , Vasileios Paschalidis , Frans Pretorius , Raissa F. P. Mendes

We describe analytical and numerical collisional evolution calculations for the size distribution of icy bodies in the Kuiper Belt. For a wide range of bulk properties, initial masses, and orbital parameters, our results yield power-law…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley

We present an analytical method for studying the changes of the orbital characteristics of binary systems with circular orbits due to a kick velocity imparted to the newborn neutron star during a supernova explosion (SN). Assuming a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Vassiliki Kalogera

About 40 transneptunian binaries (TNBs) have fully determined orbits with about 10 others being solved except for breaking the mirror ambiguity. Despite decades of study almost all TNBs have only ever been analyzed with a model that assumes…

The Solar system beyond Neptune is believed to house a population of small primordial bodies left over from the planet formation process. The region up to heliocentric distance $\sim 50 AU$ (a.k.a. the Kuiper Belt) may be the source of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Renu Malhotra

Asteroids that follow similar orbits may have a dynamical connection as their current paths could be the result of a past interaction with a massive perturber. The pair of extreme trans-Neptunian objects or ETNOs (474640) 2004 VN112-2013…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-04 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos , S. J. Aarseth

(Abridged) 2007 TY430 is the first wide, equal-sized, binary known in the 3:2 mean motion resonance with Neptune. The binary has a maximum separation of 1 arcsec with less than 0.1 mags difference between components with identical ultra-red…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Scott S. Sheppard , Darin Ragozzine , Chadwick Trujillo

Neutron star binaries offer a rich phenomenology in terms of gravitational waves and merger remnants. However, most general relativistic studies have been performed for nearly circular binaries, with the exception of head-on collisions. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-01-10 Roman Gold , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Marcus Thierfelder , Bernd Bruegmann , Frans Pretorius

The existence of Planet Nine has been suggested to explain the pericenter clustering of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). However, the underlying dynamics involving Planet Nine, test particles and Neptune is rich, and it remains…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Gongjie Li , Samuel Hadden , Matthew Payne , Matthew J. Holman

There is no quantitative theory to explain why a high 80% of all planetary nebulae are non-spherical. The Binary Hypothesis states that a companion to the progenitor of a central star of planetary nebula is required to shape the nebula and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-24 D. Douchin , O. De Marco , G. H. Jacoby , T. C. Hillwig , D. J. Frew , I. Bojicic , G. Jasniewicz , Q. A. Parker

Observations of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in Neptune's 5:2 resonance present two puzzles: this third order resonance hosts a surprisingly large population, comparable to the prominent populations of Plutinos and Twotinos in the first order…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Renu Malhotra , Lei Lan , Kathryn Volk , Xianyu Wang

Black hole - neutron star $(BH/NS)$ binaries are of interest in many ways: they are intrinsically multi-messenger systems, highly transient, radiate gravitational waves detectable by LIGO, and may produce $\gamma$-ray bursts. Although it…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-10 Yossef Zenati , Mor Rozner , Julian H Krolik , Elias R Most

The asteroid belt is the leftover of the original planetesimal population in the inner solar system. However, currently the asteroids have orbits with all possible values of eccentricities and inclinations compatible with long-term…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Alessandro Morbidelli , Kevin J. Walsh , David P. O'Brien , David A. Minton , William F. Bottke

A significant amount of work has been devoted to the study of small binary solar system objects. The majority of these binaries, especially among the near-earth or main belt asteroids have small radius ratios, implying a large difference in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-21 Zachary Murray