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This paper aims to study the color behavior of the BL Lac object OJ 287 during optical outburst. According to the revisit of the data from the OJ-94 monitoring project and the analysis the data obtained with the 60/90 cm Schmidt Telescope…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Yan Dai , Jianghua Wu , Zong-Hong Zhu , Xu Zhou , Jun Ma

We have studied three most recent precursor flares in the light curve of the blazar OJ 287 while invoking the presence of a precessing binary black hole in the system to explain the nature of these flares. Precursor flare timings from the…

Among the four black hole binary merger events detected by LIGO, six progenitor black holes have masses greater than 20\,$M_\odot$. The existence of such massive BHs calls for extreme metal-poor stars as the progenitors. An alternative…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-13 Shu-Xu Yi , K. S. Cheng , Ronald E. Taam

The bright blazar OJ 287 is the best-known candidate for hosting a supermassive black hole binary system. It inspirals due to the emission of nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs). Observations of historical and predicted quasi-periodic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-24 Lankeswar Dey , Mauri J. Valtonen , A. Gopakumar , Rocco Lico , Jose L. Gomez , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , S. Komossa , Pauli Pihajoki

The 136 year long optical light curve of OJ~287 is explained by a binary black hole model where the secondary is in a 12 year orbit around the primary. Impacts of the secondary on the accretion disk of the primary generate a series of…

Successful observations of the seven predicted bremsstrahlung flares from the unique bright blazar OJ 287 firmly point to the presence of a nanohertz gravitational wave (GW) emitting supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary central engine. We…

Results from regular monitoring of relativistic compact binaries like PSR 1913+16 are consistent with the dominant (quadrupole) order emission of gravitational waves (GWs). We show that observations associated with the binary black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Lankeswar Dey , M. J. Valtonen , A. Gopakumar , S. Zola , R. Hudec , P. Pihajoki , S. Ciprini , A. V. Filippenko

We presented a study of outburst activity in the BL Lacertae source OJ~287, observed extensively with the X-ray telescope (XRT) onboard Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. We demonstrated that the results of our analysis of X-ray flaring…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-29 Lev Titarchuk , Elena Seifina , Chris Shrader

OJ 287, a nearby blazar, has exhibited remarkable variability in its optical light curve since 1888, characterized by ~12-year quasi-periodic outbursts. These events are attributed to the orbital dynamics of a supermassive binary black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-13 S. Boula , A. Nathanail

We model the binary black hole system OJ287 as a spinning primary and a non-spinning secondary. It is assumed that the primary has an accretion disk which is impacted by the secondary at specific times. These times are identified as major…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 M. Valtonen , S. Mikkola , H. J. Lehto , T. Hyvönen , K. Nilsson , D. Merritt , A. Gopakumar , H. Rampadarath , R. Hudec , M. Basta , R. Saunders

The primary and secondary masses of the binary black holes (BBH) reported by LIGO/Virgo are correlated with a narrow dispersion that appears to increase in proportion to mass. The mean binary mass ratio $1.45\pm0.07$ we show is consistent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-21 T. Broadhurst , J. M. Diego , G. F. Smoot

The BL Lacertae OJ 287 is a supermassive black holes binary (SMBHB) system with complex physics of its irregular flares. During 2016 October -- 2017 April period, a surprising outburst in the X-ray, UV and optical bands was detected, while…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-09 Shifeng Huang , Shaoming Hu , Hongxing Yin , Xu Chen , Sofya Alexeeva , Dongyang Gao , Yunguo Jiang

The central engine of blazar OJ~287 is arguably the most notable supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary candidate that emits nano-Hertz (nHz) gravitational waves. This inference is mainly due to our ability to predict and successfully…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-09 Debabrata Deb , Achamveedu Gopakumar , Mauri J. Valtonen

We report the discovery of fast variability of gamma-ray flares from blazar OJ 287. This blazar is known to be powered by binary system of supermassive black holes. The observed variability time scale T_var < 3-10 hr is much shorter than…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Andrii Neronov , Ievgen Vovk

Supermassive black holes are common in centers of galaxies. Among the active galaxies, quasars are the most extreme, and their black hole masses range as high as to $6\cdot 10^{10} M_\odot$. Binary black holes are of special interest but so…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-08-20 M. J. Valtonen , S. Mikkola , D. Merritt , A. Gopakumar , H. J. Lehto , T. Hyvönen , H. Rampadarath , R. Saunders , M. Basta , R. Hudec

We consider scenario of merger of two stellar mass black holes surrounded by an accretion disk. Due to emission of gravitational waves, the mass of the central object decreases and accretion disk experiences perturbation. Calculations show…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-01 D. V. Bisikalo , A. G. Zhilkin , E. P. Kurbatov

We study the variation of the optical polarization angle in the blazar OJ287 and compare it with the precessing binary black hole model with a 'live' accretion disk. First, a model of the variation of the jet direction is calculated, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Mauri J. Valtonen , Carolin Villforth , Kaj Wiik

The project MOMO (Multiwavelength Observations and Modelling of OJ 287) was set up to test predictions of binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) scenarios and to understand disk-jet physics of the blazar OJ 287. After a correction, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-01 S. Komossa , D. Grupe , A. Kraus , M. A. Gurwell , Z. Haiman , F. K. Liu , A. Tchekhovskoy , L. C. Gallo , M. Berton , R. Blandford , J. L. Gomez , A. G. Gonzalez

The formation and evolution of binary black holes (BH) is studied using the modern evolutionary scenario for very massive stars with high mass loss (Vanbeveren et al. 1998). Main sequence stars with masses $M>35 M_\odot$ are assumed to form…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. A. Postnov , M. E. Prokhorov

We have studied short-term variations of the blazar OJ 287, suspected to host a supermassive black hole binary. In this study, we use a two-season optical R-band dataset from 2004--2006 which consists of 3991 data points from the OJ 287…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Pauli Pihajoki , Mauri Valtonen , Stefano Ciprini