Related papers: The Most Massive Clusters in the Universe
This paper given at the meeting on "Mapping, Measuring and Modelling the Universe" presents three topics: 1) the study of the clusters and groups of galaxies found serendipitously in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) region of the ROSAT all-sky…
The mass derived from gravitational lensing reflects the total mass contained in the lensing system, independent of the specific matter contents and states. A comparison of the dynamical masses from hydrostatic equilibrium with the…
We discuss a method to build up and study a sample of distant galaxies, with 2<z<5, using the gravitational amplification effect in cluster-lenses for which the mass distribution is well known. The candidates are selected close to the…
We study the implications and limitations of galaxy cluster surveys for constraining models of particle physics and gravity beyond the Standard Model. Flux limited cluster counts probe the history of large scale structure formation in the…
Clusters of galaxies are powerful cosmological probes, particularly if their masses can be determined. One possibility for mass determination is to study the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on small angular scales and observe deviations…
Galaxy clusters are one of the important cosmological probes to test the consistency of the observable structure and evolution of our Universe with the predictions of specific cosmological models. We use results from our analysis of the…
This chapter reviews the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to the study of galaxy clusters, covering both theoretical developments and their use as tools to infer cluster properties from a variety of observational…
The abundance and internal characteristics of rich clusters of galaxies can provide useful constraints on models of large--scale structure formation. This article will review some recent three dimensional, multi--fluid simulations of…
Because of their deep gravitational potential wells, clusters of galaxies retain all the metals produced by the stellar populations of the member galaxies. Most of these metals reside in the hot plasma which dominates the baryon content of…
We investigate how the dynamical state of galaxy clusters influences their galaxy populations and mass distributions. Using photometrically selected clusters from the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey cross-matched with the UNIONS galaxy shear…
The morphology of a galaxy has been shown to encode the evolutionary history and correlates strongly with physical properties such as stellar mass, star formation rates and past merger events. While the majority of galaxies in the local…
Clusters of galaxies can be seen as giant astrophysical laboratories enclosing matter in a large enough volume, so that the matter composition can be taken as representing the composition of our Universe. X-ray observations allow a very…
I review our current knowledge of the mass distribution in clusters, as obtained from the analysis of the projected phase-space distribution of cluster galaxies. I discuss the methods of analysis, their relative advantages and…
The central dominant galaxies in galaxy clusters constitute the most massive and luminous galaxies in the Universe. Despite this, the formation of these brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and the impact of this on the surrounding cluster…
Clusters of galaxies generally form by the gravitational merger of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. The basic properties of cluster mergers and their…
The X-ray regime, where the most massive visible component of galaxy clusters, the intra cluster medium (ICM), is visible, offers directly measured quantities, like the luminosity, and derived quantities, like the total mass, to…
The abundance of clusters is a classical cosmological probe sensitive to both the geometrical aspects and the growth rate of structures. The abundance of clusters of galaxies measured by Planck has been found to be in tension with the…
The evolution of galaxies is driven strongly by dynamical processes including internal instabilities, tidal interactions and mergers. The cluster environment is a useful laboratory for studying these effects. I present recent results on…
While the concept of "clustering" primarily refers to galaxies, the fact is that galaxies can be neglected - at least in terms of mass - when considering the continuous competition between accretion and relaxation processes of dark matter…
Numerical simulations of cluster mergers reveal many characteristics of the merging process: shock structure and strength, observational signatures of the dynamical state, effects on the mass determination, turbulence and the evolution of…