Related papers: Radiative Torques on Interstellar Grains. III. Dyn…
We consider a biaxial macrospin with an easy and hard axis, and study its dynamical evolution under the combined effects of thermal noise and spin transfer torque. The spin-torque is associated with both a perpendicularly magnetized…
We discuss the rotational excitation of small interstellar grains and the resulting electric dipole radiation from spinning dust. Attention is given to excitation and damping of rotation by: collisions with neutrals; collisions with ions;…
If aspherical dust grains are immersed in an anisotropic radiation field, their temperature depends on the cross-sections projected in the direction of the anisotropy.It was shown that the temperature difference produces polarized thermal…
Dust grains moving at hypersonic velocities of $v_{d}\gtrsim 100\rm km~s^{-1}$ through an ambient gas are known to be destroyed by nonthermal sputtering. Yet, previous studies of nonthermal sputtering disregarded the fact that dust grains…
Grain rotation and grain boundary (GB) sliding are two important mechanisms for grain coarsening and plastic deformation in nanocrystalline materials. They are in general coupled with GB migration and the resulting dynamics, driven by…
Just as correlations between fluctuating radial and azimuthal velocities produce a coherent stress contributing to the angular momentum transport in turbulent accretion disks, correlations in the velocity and temperature fluctuations…
The role of turbulence in various astrophysical settings is reviewed. Among the differences to laboratory and atmospheric turbulence we highlight the ubiquitous presence of magnetic fields that are generally produced and maintained by…
Supernova ejecta and stellar winds are believed to produce interstellar dust grains with relatively large sizes. Smaller grains can be produced via the shattering of large grains that have been stochastically accelerated. To understand this…
Design of nuclear materials with high radiation-tolerance has great significance1, especially for the next generation of nuclear energy systems2,3. Response of nano- and poly-crystals to irradiation depends on the radiation temperature,…
Pour sand into a container and only the grains near the top surface move. The collective motion associated with the translational and rotational energy of the grains in a thin flowing layer is quickly dissipated as friction through…
The discovery of refractory grains amongst the particles collected from Comet 81P/Wild 2 by the Stardust spacecraft (Brownlee et al. 2006) provides the ground truth for large-scale transport of materials formed in high temperature regions…
This paper reports positive detections of surface differential rotation on two rapidly rotating cool stars at several epochs, by using stellar surface features (both cool spots and magnetic regions) as tracers of the large scale latitudinal…
Spontaneous stratification in granular mixtures has been recently reported by H. A. Makse et al. [Nature 386, 379 (1997)]. Here we study experimentally the dynamical processes leading to spontaneous stratification. Using a high-speed video…
Thermal ionization is a critical process at temperatures T > 10 3 K, particularly during star formation. An increase in ionization leads to a decrease in nonideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) resistivities, which has a significant impact on…
We present general results on fluctuations and spatial correlations of the coarse-grained empirical density and current of Markovian diffusion in equilibrium or non-equilibrium steady states on all time scales. We unravel a deep connection…
It has recently been shown that a significant slowdown of many stars can be attributed to the emergence of a strong magnetic field within the radiative region, where heat is transferred through radiation in a stably stratified layer. Here,…
We propose a simple model for density fluctuations of aerodynamic grains, embedded in a turbulent, gravitating gas disk. The model combines a calculation for the behavior of a group of grains encountering a single turbulent eddy, with a…
Building upon our previous MHD simulation study of magnetic channeling in radiatively driven stellar winds, we examine here the additional dynamical effects of stellar {\em rotation} in the (still) 2-D axisymmetric case of an aligned dipole…
For the first time, based on the fluctuation-electromagnetic theory, we have calculated the drug force, the radiation heat flux and the frictional torque on a small rotating particle moving at a relativistic velocity through the equilibrium…
We discuss a new mechanism of dust acceleration that acts in a turbulent magnetized medium. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence includes both fluid motions and magnetic fluctuations. We show that while the fluid motions bring about…