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We compute the probability to detect long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) at z>5 with Swift, assuming that GRBs form preferentially in low-metallicity environments. The model fits well both the observed BATSE and Swift GRB differential peak flux…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Salvaterra , S. Campana , G. Chincarini , G. Tagliaferri , S. Covino

The low energy spectra of some gamma-ray bursts' show excess components beside the power-law dependence. The consequences of such a feature allows to estimate the gamma photometric redshift of the long gamma-ray bursts in the BATSE Catalog.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Z. Bagoly , I. Csabai , A. Meszaros , P. Meszaros , I. Horvath , L. G. Balazs , R. Vavrek

Studies of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) provide important information about the early Universe such as the rates of stellar collapsars and mergers, the metallicity content, constraints on the re-ionization period, and probes of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-23 T. N. Ukwatta , P. R. Wozniak , N. Gehrels

If Gamma-Ray-Bursts (GRBs) occur at high redshifts, then their bright afterglow emission can be used to probe the ionization and metal enrichment histories of the intervening intergalactic medium during the epoch of reionization. In…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Benedetta Ciardi , Abraham Loeb

Ten years of operations of the Swift satellite have allow us to collect a small sample of long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) at redshift larger than six. I will review here the present status of this research field and discuss the possible use of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-12 R. Salvaterra

The long gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-20 Amy Lien , Takanori Sakamoto , Neil Gehrels , David M. Palmer , Scott D. Barthelmy , Carlo Graziani , John K. Cannizzo

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are traditionally classified into long (lGRBs) and short (sGRBs) durations based on their $T_{90}$, with lGRBs widely used as tracers of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) due to their observed association with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Qin-Mei Li , Qi-Bin Sun , Sheng-Bang Qian , Fu-Xing Li

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the most powerful sources in the Universe: they emit up to 10^54 erg in the hard X-ray band in few tens of seconds. The cosmological origin of GRBs has been confirmed by several spectroscopic measurements…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-19 G. Ghirlanda , G. Ghisellini , C. Firmani

Luminosity function and event rate of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are easily biased by the instrument and selection effects. We select 115 Fermi/GBM GRBs with good spectra fitted by a smoothly broken power-law function. The $\tau$-statistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-23 Yang Liu , Zhi-Bin Zhang , Xiao-Fei Dong , Long-Biao Li , Xiu-Yun Du

We compute the luminosity function (LF) and the formation rate of long gamma ray bursts (GRBs) in three different scenarios: i) GRBs follow the cosmic star formation and their LF is constant in time; ii) GRBs follow the cosmic star…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are detectable out to very large distances and as such are potentially powerful cosmological probes. Historically, the angular distribution of GRBs provided important information about their origin and physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-11 T. N. Ukwatta , P. R. Wozniak

It has been suggested that Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) may enable the expansion rate of our Universe to be measured out to very high redshifts ($z \gsim 5$) just as type Ia supernovae have done at $z \sim$1--1.5. We explore this possibility…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Dan Hooper , Scott Dodelson

We derive, adopting a direct method, the luminosity function and the formation rate of long Gamma Ray Bursts through a complete, flux-limited, sample of Swift bursts which has a high level of completeness in redshift z (~82%). We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-17 A. Pescalli , G. Ghirlanda , R. Salvaterra , G. Ghisellini , S. D. Vergani , F. Nappo , O. S. Salafia , A. Melandri , S. Covino , D. Götz

We summarize our model for long-duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) that fits the redshift (z) distributions measured with Swift and missions before Swift, and the pre-Swift GRB jet opening-angle distribution inferred from achromatic breaks in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Truong Le , Charles D. Dermer

Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), observed at redshifts as high as 9.4, could serve as valuable probes for investigating the distant Universe. However, this necessitates an increase in the number of GRBs with determined redshifts, as…

We review the uncertainties in high-z star-formation rate (SFR) measures and the constraints that one obtains from high-z gamma-ray burst (GRB) rates on them. We show that at the present time, the GRB rates per unit star-formation at z>3…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-20 R. Chary , P. Petitjean , B. Robertson , M. Trenti , E. Vangioni

It is known that the soft tail of the gamma-ray bursts' spectra show excesses from the exact power-law dependence. In this article we show that this departure can be detected in the peak flux ratios of different BATSE DISCSC energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Z. Bagoly , I. Csabai , A. Mészáros , P. Mészáros , I. Horváth , L. G. Balázs , R. Vavrek

We study the luminosity function (LF), the comoving rate and the detection rate of Long Gamma-Ray Burst (LGRBs) to high redshift, using galaxy catalogues constructed by combining high-resolution N-body simulations with semi-analytic models…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 M. A. Campisi , L. -X. Li , P. Jakobsson

The spatial distribution of sources of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) with known red shifts is analyzed by the conditional density and pairwise distance methods. The sample of GRB is based on data from the Swift mission and contains fluxes,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-06 S. I. Shirokov , A. A. Raikov , Yu. V. Baryshev

One of the most important task of the Gamma-Ray Burst field is the classification of the bursts. Many researches have proven the existence of the third kind (intermediate duration) of GRBs in the BATSE data. Recent works have analyzed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-30 I. Horvath , Z. Bagoly , A. de Ugarte Postigo , L. G. Balazs , P. Veres