Related papers: Solar Models: An Historical Overview
Helioseismology and solar modelling have enjoyed a golden era thanks to decades-long surveys from ground-based networks such as for example GONG, BiSON, IRIS and the SOHO and SDO space missions which have provided high-quality helioseismic…
The sunspot number data during the past 400 years indicates that both the profile and the amplitude of the solar cycle have large variations. Some precursors of the solar cycle were identified aiming to predict the solar cycle. The polar…
The three years 2001 to 2003 were the golden years of solar neutrino research. In this period, scientists solved a mystery with which they had been struggling for four decades. The solution turned out to be important for both physics and…
The computational analyses is presented of the non stationary case with mixing of the solar model when the neutrino flux $F_{13}$ from the decay of $^{13}N$ is higher than a standard solar model predicts
There is no consistent solar model which can describe all experimental data on the solar neutrinos. The problem can be formulated essentially in a model independent way. The key points are the comparison of the Homestake and the Kamiokande…
Measurements of the interaction rates of the solar neutrino lines of $^7$Be and $pep$ can be used, independent of solar models, to test whether electron flavor is conserved, to determine survival probabilities of electron-type neutrinos at…
We present the results of a solar model independent analysis of the existing solar neutrino data in the case of $\nu_{e}\to\nu_{\mu(\tau)}$ MSW transitions. We considered two cases. In the first case no assumptions on the values of the…
A phenomenological model is presented for the quantitative description of individual solar cycles' features, such as onset, intensity, evolution, in terms of the number of M and X-class solar flares. The main elements of the model are the…
These lectures, presented at the International School of Physics ``Enrico Fermi,'' deal with two major themes. The first is the remarkable story of the solar neutrino problem, which (along with the atmospheric neutrino anomaly) recently led…
A review of solar cycle prediction methods and their performance is given, including early forecasts for cycle 25. The review focuses on those aspects of the solar cycle prediction problem that have a bearing on dynamo theory. The scope of…
A seismic model for the Sun calculated using the accurate helioseismic data predicts a lower $^{8}{B}$ neutrino flux as compared to the standard solar model (SSM). However, there persists a discrepancy between the predicted and measured…
The sunspot solar cycle has been usually explained as the result of a dynamo process operating in the sun. This is a classical problem in Astrophysics that until the present is not fully solved. Here we discuss current problems and…
The Sun shows a wide range of temporal variations, from a few seconds to decades and even centuries, broadly classified into two classes short-term and Long-term. The solar dynamo mechanism is believed to be responsible for these global…
The paper is based on lectures on the internal structure and evolution of the Sun. It contains an outline of observational and theoretical elements of the Standard Solar Model, emphasizing also recent research results on solar rotation,…
The solar system has changed dramatically since its birth, and so did our understanding of it. A considerable research effort has been invested in the past decade in an attempt to reconstruct the solar system history, including the earliest…
Measuring all neutrino components is the most direct way to test the standard solar model (SSM). Despite the great results obtained so far, important questions such as the solar metallicity remain open. A precise measurement of the solar pp…
A new concept is proposed to solve the solar neutrino problem, that is based on a hypothesis about the existence of semi-weak interaction of electron neutrinos with nucleons mediated by massless pseudoscalar bosons. Owing to about 10…
It has recently been shown that the neutrino can have non-zero electric charge in a number of gauge theories, including the Minimal Standard Model. Assuming non-zero neutrino charge, we develop a new approach to the solar neutrino problem.…
All existing measurements of the solar neutrino flux are compared with the predictions of the most recent solar model by Bahcall and Pinsonneault, modified by introducing the hypothesis of neutrino oscillations with mass differences large…
The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar…