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The process of gravitational scattering of planetesimals by a massive protoplanetary embryo is explored theoretically. We propose a method to describe the evolution of the disk surface density, eccentricity, and inclination caused by the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Roman R. Rafikov

The current picture of terrestrial planet formation relies heavily on our understanding of the dynamical evolution of planetesimals -- asteroid-like bodies thought to be planetary building blocks. In this study we investigate the growth of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Roman R. Rafikov

We study the dynamics of a vertically thin, dispersion-dominated disk of planetesimals with eccentricities $e$ and inclinations $i$ (normalized in Hill units) satisfying $e >> 1$, $i << e^{-2} << 1$. This situation may be typical for e.g. a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-13 Roman R. Rafikov , Zachary S. Slepian

We develop an idealized dynamical model to predict the typical properties of outer extrasolar planetary systems, at radii beyond 5 AU. Our hypothesis is that dynamical evolution in outer planetary systems is controlled by a combination of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

We study the final architecture of planetary systems that evolve under the combined effects of planet-planet and planetesimal scattering. Using N-body simulations we investigate the dynamics of marginally unstable systems of gas and ice…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

Formation of terrestrial planets by agglomeration of planetesimals in protoplanetary disks sensitively depends on the velocity evolution of planetesimals. We describe a novel semi-analytical approach to the treatment of planetesimal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roman R. Rafikov

We present numerical simulations of terrestrial planet formation that examine the growth continuously from planetesimals to planets in the inner Solar System. Previous studies show that the growth will be inside-out, but it is still common…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-05 Kevin J. Walsh , Harold F. Levison

One of the main evolutionary stages of planet formation is the dynamical evolution of planetesimal disks. These disks are thought to evolve through gravitational encounters and physical collisions between single planetesimals. In recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Hagai B. Perets

We investigate the kinematic evolution of planetesimals in self-gravitating discs, combining Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamical (SPH) simulations of the disc gas with a gravitationally coupled population of test particle planetesimals. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Joe Walmswell , Cathie Clarke , Peter Cossins

According to the canonical planet formation theory, planets form "in-situ" within a planetesimal disk via runaway and oligarchic growth. This theory, however, cannot naturally account for the formation timescale of ice giants or the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-29 Tenri Jinno , Takayuki R. Saitoh , Yoko Funato , Junichiro Makino

Standard models of planet formation explain how planets form in axisymmetric, unperturbed disks in single star systems. However, it is possible that giant planets could have already formed when other planetary embryos start to grow. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 Kangrou Guo , Eiichiro Kokubo

The kinetic theory is used to study the evolution of the self-gravitating disk of planetesimals. The effects of frequent collisions between planetesimals are taken into account by using a Krook integral in the Boltzmann kinetic equation. It…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Evgeny Griv , Michael Gedalin , Edward Liverts , David Eichler , Chi Yuan

We study the evolution of planetesimals in evolved gaseous disks, which orbit a solar-mass star and harbor a Jupiter-mass planet at a_p~5AU. The gas dynamics is modeled with a three-dimensional hydrodynamics code that employes nested-grids…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-20 Gennaro D'Angelo , Morris Podolak

Planetesimal formation is still mysterious. One of the ways to form planetesimals is to invoke a gas pressure bump in a protoplanetary disc. In our previous paper, we propose a new scenario in which the piled-up dust at a gas pressure bump…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-11 Yuhito Shibaike , Yann Alibert

(abridged) Angular momentum transport and accretion in protoplanetary discs are generally believed to be driven by MHD turbulence via the magneto-rotational instability (MRI). The dynamics of solid bodies embedded in such discs (dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Richard P. Nelson , Oliver Gressel

The dynamics of planetesimals and planetary cores may be strongly influenced by density perturbations driven by magneto-rotational turbulence in their natal protoplanetary gas disks. Using the local shearing box approximation, we perform…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-15 Chao-Chin Yang , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Kristen Menou

Due to the gravitational influence of density fluctuations driven by magneto-rotational instability in the gas disk, planetesimals and protoplanets undergo diffusive radial migration as well as changes in other orbital properties. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Chao-Chin Yang , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Kristen Menou

In this paper, we further develop the model for the migration of planets introduced in Del Popolo, Gambera and Ercan, and extended to time-dependent planetesimal accretion disks in Del Popolo and Eksi. More precisely, the assumption of Del…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Del Popolo , S. Yesilyurt , N. Ercan

Planet--planet scattering is a major dynamical mechanism able to significantly alter the architecture of a planetary system. In addition to that, it may also affect the formation and retention of a debris disk by the system. A violent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 F. Marzari

As planets form and grow within gaseous protoplanetary disks, the mutual gravitational interaction between the disk and planet leads to the exchange of angular momentum, and migration of the planet. We review current understanding of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 W. Kley , R. P. Nelson
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