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A synthesis of the present knowledge on gamma-ray emission from the magnetosphere of a rapidly rotating neutron star is presented, focusing on the electrodynamics of particle accelerators. The combined curvature, synchrotron, and…
We study the ground state properties of classical Coulomb charges interacting with a 1/r potential moving on a plane but confined either by a circular hard wall boundary or by a harmonic potential. The charge density in the continuum limit…
We derive novel constraints on millicharged dark matter and ultralight axion-like particles using pulsar timing and fast radio burst observations. Millicharged dark matter affects the dispersion measure of the time of arrival of radio…
Neutron stars have the strongest magnetic fields known anywhere in the Universe. In this review, I intend to give a pedagogical discussion of some of the related physics. Neutron stars exist because of Pauli's exclusion principle, in two…
In this work we study the structure of neutron stars under the effect of a poloidal magnetic field and determine the limiting highest magnetic field intensity which still allows a satisfactory description of magnetic neutron stars in the…
Magnetars are the most magnetized objects in the known universe. Powered by the magnetic energy, and not by the rotational energy as in the case of radio pulsars, they have long been regarded as a completely different class of neutron…
Thermal X-ray emission from rotation-powered pulsars is believed to originate from localized "hotspots" on the stellar surface occurring where large-scale currents from the magnetosphere return to heat the atmosphere. Lightcurve modeling…
I argue that the problem of electromagnetically driven electron-positron cascades in magnetospheres of neutron stars must be addressed starting from first principles. I describe a general numerical algorithm for doing self-consistent…
Neutron stars are fascinating astrophysical objects immersed in strong gravitational and electromagnetic fields, at the edge of our current theories. These stars manifest themselves mostly as pulsars, emitting a timely very stable and…
We study the generation of strong magnetic fields in magnetars and in the early universe. For this purpose we calculate the antisymmetric contribution to the photon polarization tensor in a medium consisting of an electron-positron plasma…
Recent calculations of the hydromagnetic deformation of a stratified, non-barotropic neutron star are generalized to describe objects with superconducting interiors, whose magnetic permeability \mu is much smaller than the vacuum value…
Neutron stars exhibit magnetic fields and densities far beyond those achievable in terrestrial laboratories, offering a natural probe of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. Using observationally anchored mass-radius…
The main contribution to the pulsar power can be calculated by assuming a rotating magnetically-dominated magnetosphere described by the force-free approximation. Although this simple model has been used thoroughly to study pulsar…
We performed a Bayesian analysis of pulsar timing residuals from the NANOGrav pulsar timing array to search for a specific form of stochastic narrow-band signal produced by oscillating gravitational potential in the Galactic halo. Such…
Causality alone suffices to set a lower bound on the period of rotation of relativistic stars as a function of their maximum observed mass. That is, by assuming a one-parameter equation of state (EOS) that satisfies v_sound < c and that…
A new mechanism of particle acceleration to ultra high energies, driven by the rotational slow down of a pulsar (Crab pulsar, for example), is explored. The rotation, through the time dependent centrifugal force, can very efficiently excite…
Four significant events of rapid $^{14}$C increase have taken place within the past several thousand years. The physical origin of these rapid increases is still a mystery but must be associated with extremely energetic cosmic processes.…
The topology of the electromagnetic field around neutron stars severely impacts pulsar physics. While most of the works assume a standard centred dipolar magnetic field model, recently some efforts have been made to explain how inclusion of…
Fusion research on magnetic confinement is confronted with a severe problem concerning the electron densities ne to be used in fusion devices. Indeed, high densities are mandatory for obtaining large efficiencies, whereas it is empirically…
The origin of ultra-intense magnetic fields on magnetars is a mystery in modern astrophysics. We model the core collapse dynamics of massive progenitor stars with high surface magnetic fields in the theoretical framework of a self-similar…