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Related papers: The r-process in the early Galaxy

200 papers

Moderately r-process-enriched stars (r-I) are at least four times as common as those that are greatly enriched in r-process elements (r-II), and the abundances in their atmospheres are important tools for obtaining a better understanding of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 C. Siqueira-Mello , V. Hill , B. Barbuy , M. Spite , F. Spite , T. C. Beers , E. Caffau , P. Bonifacio , R. Cayrel , P. François , H. Schatz , S. Wanajo

We report the discovery of nine metal-poor stars with high levels of r-process enhancement (+0.81<[Eu/Fe]<+1.13), including six subgiants and three stars on the red horizontal branch. We also analyze four previously-known r-process-enhanced…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Ian U. Roederer , John J. Cowan , George W. Preston , Stephen A. Shectman , Chris Sneden , Ian B. Thompson

We studied $28$ RGB stars in the mildly metal-rich globular cluster M5 ([Fe/H] $= -1.29$) using archival high-resolution spectra from the Keck Observatory archive (KOA) to better understand the $r$-process in globular clusters. Previous…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-18 Pranav Nalamwar , Evan N. Kirby , Alice Cai

The heaviest chemical elements are naturally produced by the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) during neutron star mergers or supernovae. The r-process production of elements heavier than uranium (transuranic nuclei) is poorly…

In order to get a broader view of the s-process nucleosynthesis we study the abundance distribution of heavy elements of 35 barium stars and 24 CEMP-stars, including nine CEMP-s stars and 15 CEMP-r/s stars. The similar distribution of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-09 Wenyuan Cui , Jianrong Shi , Yuanyuan Geng , Caixia Zhang , Xiaoying Meng , Lang Shao , Bo Zhang

Context. Thanks to the heroic observational campaigns carried out in recent years we now have large samples of metal-poor stars for which measurements of detailed abundances exist. [...] These data hold important clues on the nature of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Gabriele Cescutti , Cristina Chiappini

In a recent study, based on homogeneous barium abundance measurements in open clusters, a trend of increasing [Ba/Fe] ratios for decreasing cluster age was reported. We present here further abundance determinations, relative to four other…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. Maiorca , S. Randich , M. Busso , L. Magrini , S. Palmerini

We follow the chemical evolution of the Galaxy for elements from Ba to Eu, using an evolutionary model suitable to reproduce a large set of Galactic (local and non local) and extragalactic constraints. Input stellar yields for neutron-rich…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. Travaglio , D. Galli , R. Gallino , M. Busso , F. Ferrini , O. Straniero

With a sample of 22 metal-poor stars, we demonstrate that the heavy element abundance pattern (Z > 55) is the same as the r-process contributions to the solar nebula. This bolsters the results of previous studies that there is a universal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Jennifer A. Johnson , Michael Bolte

Recent observations of heavy elements produced by rapid neutron capture (r-process) in the halo have shown a striking and unexpected behavior: within a single star, the relative abundances of r-process elements heavier than Eu are the same…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Brian D. Fields , James W. Truran , John J. Cowan

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars in globular clusters provide important constraints on their evolutionary scenarios. Using both main r-process and weak r-process patterns, we fit the abundances of s-poor stars in the globular…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Muhammad Zeshan Ashraf , Wenyuan Cui , Hongjie Li

Many works have attempted to investigate the astrophysical origin of the neutron-capture elements in the metalpoor star HD 140283. However, no definite conclusions have been drawn. In this work, using the abundancedecomposed approach, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-17 Ping Niu , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

We present the chemical abundances of Fe, alpha- and neutron-capture elements in 12 metal-poor Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) giant stars, observed with the high-resolution spectrographs UVES/VLT and MIKE/Magellan. These stars have [Fe/H]…

Investigations of elemental abundances in the ancient and most metal deficient stars are extremely important because they serve as tests of variable nucleosynthesis pathways and can provide critical inferences of the type of stars that…

The CH star CS 31062-050 ([Fe/H]=-2.42) is one of the most useful stars yet discovered for evaluating the s-process in metal-poor stars. It is very abundant in heavy elements (e.g., [La/Fe]=2.2), and its relatively cool temperature and low…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jennifer A. Johnson , Michael Bolte

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars are excellent sources of information for setting new constraints on models of Galactic chemical evolution at low metallicities. In this paper we present an attempt to fit the elemental abundances…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-25 Jiang Zhang , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

Recent spectroscopic measurements in open clusters younger than the Sun, with [Fe/H]>=0, showed that the abundances of neutron-rich elements have continued to increase in the Galaxy after the formation of the Sun, roughly maintaining a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Enrico Maiorca , Laura Magrini , Maurizio Busso , Sofia Randich , Sara Palmerini , Oscar Trippella

We study the abundance distributions of a sample of metal-rich barium stars provided by Pereira et al. (2011) to investigate the s- and r-process nucleosynthesis in the metal-rich environment. We compared the theoretical results predicted…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-19 W. Y. Cui , B. Zhang , J. R. Shi , G. Zhao , W. J. Wang , P. Niu

Studying the abundances in metal-poor globular clusters is crucial for understanding the formation of the Galaxy and the nucleosynthesis processes in the early Universe. We observed 13 red giant stars from the metal-poor globular cluster…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-08 Avrajit Bandyopadhyay , Rana Ezzeddine , Vinicius M. Placco , Anna Frebel , David S Aguado , Ian U. Roederer

We present a comprehensive analysis of the detailed chemical abundances for a sample of 11 metal-poor, very metal-poor and extremely metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] = -1.65 to [Fe/H] = -3.0) as part of the HESP-GOMPA (Galactic survey Of Metal Poor…