Related papers: Relativistic Particles in Clusters of Galaxies
The main component of the intracluster medium (ICM) in clusters of galaxies is represented by the X-ray emitting thermal plasma. In addition, the presence of relativistic electrons and large-scale magnetic fields in a fraction of galaxy…
A short review on theoretical implications of non-thermal emission (radio, extreme ultraviolet, high energy X-ray) from the intra-cluster medium is given. The origin of cluster radio halos and cluster radio relics is discussed within the…
Several phenomena in high energy astrophysics have been recently related to clusters of galaxies and to cosmic ray interactions occurring inside these structures. In many of these phenomena the observable effects depend on the energy…
Recent results on the radio emission from galaxy clusters are reviewed, with emphasis both on the radio galaxies and on the diffuse radio emission from the intracluster medium. We show that the formation of the tailed morphology in cluster…
Plasma containing relativistic particles appears in various forms in the inter galactic medium (IGM): As radio plasma released by active radio galaxies, as fossil radio plasma from former radio galaxies - so called `radio ghosts', as…
Models for the integrated relativistic electron population in clusters of galaxies are presented. The results depend on the history of electron acceleration in the cluster. If there is no present particle acceleration or other sources, then…
The central regions of galaxy clusters are permeated by magnetic fields and filled with relativistic electrons. When clusters merge, the magnetic fields are amplified and relativistic electrons are re-accelerated by turbulence in the intra…
Clusters of galaxies are sites of acceleration of charged particles and sources of non-thermal radiation. We report on new constraints on the population of cosmic rays in the Intra Cluster Medium (ICM) obtained via radio observations of a…
The recent evidences of the presence of magnetic fields and relativistic particles in galaxy clusters are reviewed. The existence of microG-level magnetic fields in cluster atmospheres appears well established from the detection of diffuse…
The strong activity of radio galaxies should have led to a nearly ubiquitous presence of fossil radio plasma in the denser regions of the inter-galactic medium as clusters, groups and filaments of galaxies. This fossil radio plasma can…
The study of diffuse radio sources is essential to our knowledge of the physical conditions in clusters of galaxies and of the role that large scale magnetic fields play in the propagation of the relativistic particles in the intracluster…
The existence and extent of non-thermal phenomena in galaxy clusters is now well established. A key question in our understanding of these phenomena is the origin of the relativistic electrons which may be constrained by the modelling of…
Clusters of galaxies are large gravitationally bound systems which consist of several observable components: hundreds of galaxies, hot gas between the galaxies and sometimes relativistic particles. These components are emitting in different…
The first detection of a diffuse radio source in a cluster of galaxies, dates back to the 1959 (Coma Cluster, Large et al. 1959). Since then, synchrotron radiating radio sources have been found in several clusters, and represent an…
The presence of non-thermal components in galaxy clusters is now clearly established. Diffuse radio emission from the Intra Cluster Medium (ICM) of several galaxy clusters is revealed in the form of radio halos and relics. These emissions…
The organization of this paper is as follows: the basic formulae used to derive the age of synchrotron sources and the equipartition parameters are presented in Section 2, while the observational properties of diffuse radio sources (Radio…
The number of known diffuse radio sources in clusters of galaxies has grown in recent years, making it possible to derive statistical properties of these sources and of the hosting clusters. We show that diffuse sources are associated with…
A very important aspect of the radio emission from galaxy clusters is represented by the diffuse radio sources associated with the intracluster medium: radio halos and relics. These radio sources indicate the existence of large scale…
Recent multifrequency observations contribute to derive a comprehensive picture of the origin and evolution of relativistic particles in galaxy clusters. In this review I briefly discuss theoretical aspects and open problems of this…
The interaction of magnetic turbulence and relativistic particles is a important process for understanding particles propagation and acceleration in many astrophysical environments. Large-scale turbulence can be generated in the…