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Related papers: The Baryon Density Through The (Cosmological) Ages

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Big-bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy measurements give independent, accurate measurements of the baryon density and can test the framework of the standard cosmology. Early CMB data are consistent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Kaplinghat , M. S. Turner

The theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, coupled with an estimate of the primordial deuterium abundance (D/H)_pr, offers insights into the baryon density of the Universe. Independently, the baryon density can be constrained during a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-24 P. A. Kislitsyn , S. A. Balashev , M. T. Murphy , C. Ledoux , P. Noterdaeme , A. V. Ivanchik

In the current cosmological model, only the three lightest elements were created in the first few minutes after the Big Bang; all other elements were produced later in stars. To date, however, heavy elements have been observed in all…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Michele Fumagalli , John M. O'Meara , J. Xavier Prochaska

A new observation of D in a primordial gas cloud, made using the high resolution spectrograph at the Keck telescope, indicates an abundance $ D/H =(1.9-2.5) \times 10^{-4}$ \cite{SCHR}. Since deuterium is destroyed by stars, and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Lawrence M. Krauss , Peter J. Kernan

Primordial nucleosynthesis provides a probe of the universal abundance of baryons when the universe was only a few minutes old. Recent observations of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) probe the baryon abundance when the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Steigman , J. P. Kneller , A. Zentner

We reexamine big bang nucleosynthesis with large-scale baryon density inhomogeneities when the length scale of the density fluctuations exceeds the neutron diffusion length ($\sim 10^7-10^8$ cm at BBN), and the amplitude of the fluctuations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-12 John D. Barrow , Robert J. Scherrer

During Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), in the first 20 minutes of the evolution of the Universe, the light nuclides, D, 3He, 4He, and 7Li were synthesized in astrophysically interesting abundances. The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-21 Gary Steigman

The last parameter of big-bang nucleosynthesis, the baryon density, is being pinned down by measurements of the deuterium abundance in high-redshift hydrogen clouds. When it is determined, it will fix the primeval light-element abundances.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 David N. Schramm , Michael S. Turner

The primordial D/H ratio now provides the best measure of the cosmological density of baryons. We describe in detail how we deduce the D/H ratio from absorption lines in the spectra of quasars, and we present our first two measurements of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 David Tytler , Scott Burles

Subsequent to the early Universe quark-hadron transition the universal baryon number is carried by nucleons: neutrons and protons. The total number of nucleons is preserved as the Universe expands, but as it cools lighter protons are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Gary Steigman

Measurements of the primordial element abundances provide us with an important probe of our universe's early thermal history, allowing us to constrain the expansion rate and composition of our universe as early as $\sim 1 \, {\rm s}$ after…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-10 Dan Hooper , Huangyu Xiao

Big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies independently predict the universal baryon density. Comparing their predictions will provide a fundamental test on cosmology. Using BBN and the CMB…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Richard H. Cyburt

Big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are two major pillars of cosmology. Standard BBN accurately predicts the primordial light element abundances ($^4$He, D, $^3$He and $^7$Li), depending on one…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Greg Huey , Richard H. Cyburt , Benjamin D. Wandelt

We investigate the possibility that both the baryon asymmetry of the universe and the observed cold dark matter density are generated by decays of a heavy scalar field which dominates the universe before nucleosynthesis. Since baryons and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ryuichiro Kitano , Hitoshi Murayama , Michael Ratz

More than three quarters of the baryonic content of the Universe resides in a highly diffuse state that is difficult to observe, with only a small fraction directly observed in galaxies and galaxy clusters. Censuses of the nearby Universe…

It is commonly assumed that the energy density of the Universe was dominated by radiation between reheating after inflation and the onset of matter domination 54,000 years later. While the abundance of light elements indicates that the…

Recent Cosmological measurements indicate that baryons comprise about four percent of the total mass-energy density of the Universe, which is in accord with the predictions arising from studies of the production of the lightest elements. It…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Nicastro , S. Mathur , M. Elvis , J. Drake , T. Fang , A. Fruscione , Y. Krongold , H. Marshall , R. Williams , A. Zezas

Deuterium abundances measured recently from QSO absorption-line systems lie in the range from 3 10^{-5} to 3 10^{-4}, which shed some questions on standard big bang theory. We show that this discordance may simply be an artifact caused by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergei A. Levshakov , Wilhelm H. Kegel , Fumio Takahara

The early universe provides a unique laboratory for probing the frontiers of particle physics in general and neutrino physics in particular. The primordial abundances of the relic nuclei produced during the first few minutes of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Gary Steigman

Of the light nuclides observed in the universe today, D, 3He, 4He, and 7Li are relics from its early evolution. The primordial abundances of these relics, produced via Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) during the first half hour of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gary Steigman