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Related papers: Grain Dynamics In Magnetized Interstellar Gas

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We study the radial and vertical stability of dust grains launched with all charge-to-mass ratios at arbitrary distances from rotating planets with complex magnetic fields. We show that the aligned dipole magnetic field model analyzed by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-06 Daniel Jontof-Hutter , Douglas P. Hamilton

Interstellar polarization at far-infrared through millimeter wavelengths (0.1 - 1 mm) is primarily due to thermal emission from dust grains aligned with magnetic fields. This mechanism has led to studies of magnetic fields in a variety of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-04-14 John E. Vaillancourt

Recent numerical simulations of the interstellar medium driven by energy input from supernovae and stellar winds indicate that HI clouds can be formed by compression in shock waves and colliding turbulent streams without any help from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Anvar Shukurov

This article gives an overview of the constitution, physical conditions and observables of dust in the interstellar medium of nearby galaxies. We first review the macroscopic, spatial distribution of dust in these objects, and its…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-10 F. Galliano , M. Galametz , A. P. Jones

Grain growth by the accretion of metals in interstellar clouds (called `grain growth') could be one of the dominant processes that determine the dust content in galaxies. The importance of grain size distribution for the grain growth is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Hiroyuki Hirashita , Tzu-Ming Kuo

We discuss a novel mechanism of dust acceleration which may dominate for particles smaller than $\sim0.1~\mu$m. The acceleration is caused by their direct electrostatic interactions arising from fluctuations of grain charges. The energy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 A. V. Ivlev , A. Lazarian , V. N. Tsytovich , U. de Angelis , Thiem Hoang , G. E. Morfill

We model the photoelectric emission from and charging of interstellar dust and obtain photoelectric gas heating efficiencies as a function of grain size and the relevant ambient conditions. Using realistic grain size distributions, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-21 Joseph C. Weingartner , B. T. Draine

We study the stability of charged dust grains orbiting a planet and subject to gravity and the electromagnetic force. Our numerical models cover a broad range of launch distances from the planetary surface to beyond synchronous orbit, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-18 Daniel Jontof-Hutter , Douglas P. Hamilton

Paramagnetic alignment of thermally rotating oblate dust grains is studied analytically for finite ratios of grain to gas temperatures. For such ratios, the alignment of angular momentum J in respect to the grain axis of maximal inertia is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. Lazarian

Clustering and dynamics of nano-sized particles (nano dust) is investigated using high-resolution ($1024^3$) simulations of compressible isothermal hydrodynamic turbulence, intended to mimic the conditions inside cold molecular clouds in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-27 Lars Mattsson

Calculations are performed for the linear polarization of starlight due to extinction by aligned dust grains when the starlight traverses a medium with irregular magnetic fields. This medium is intended to represent the optically thick…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. S. Wiebe , W. D. Watson

Requirements for magnetic coupling and accretion in the active layer of a protostellar disk are re-examined, and some implications for thermal emission from the layer are discussed. The ionization and electrical conductivity are calculated…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-05 Xue-Ning Bai , Jeremy Goodman

We present numerical simulations of the hydrodynamical interactions that produce circumstellar shells. These simulations include several scenarios, such as wind-wind interaction and wind-ISM collisions. In our calculations we have taken…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Allard Jan van Marle , Zakaria Meliani , Rony Keppens , Leen Decin

Using a phase-field model, we study the surface diffusion-controlled grooving of a moving grain boundary under the influence of an external magnetic field in thin films of a nonmagnetic material. The driving force for the grain boundary…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Soumya Bandyopadhyay , Somnath Bhowmick , Rajdip Mukherjee

Polarization arising from aligned dust grains presents a unique opportunity to study magnetic fields in the diffuse interstellar medium and molecular clouds. Polarization from circumstellar regions, accretion disks and comet atmospheres can…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-21 A. Lazarian , B-G Andersson , Thiem Hoang

Weakly ionized protoplanetary disks (PPDs) are subject to non-ideal-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects including Ohmic resistivity, the Hall effect and ambipolar diffusion (AD), and the resulting magnetic diffusivities ($\eta_O, \eta_H$ and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 Rui Xu , Xue-Ning Bai

Magnetic fields play a crucial role in various astrophysical processes, including star formation, accretion of matter, transport processes (e.g., transport of heat), and cosmic rays. One of the easiest ways to determine the magnetic field…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Lazarian

Dust grains emit intrinsic polarized emission if they are elongated and aligned in the same direction. The direction of the grain alignment is determined by external forces, such as magnetic fields, radiation, and gas flow against the dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 Akimasa Kataoka , Satoshi Okuzumi , Ryo Tazaki

Turbulence is the most common state of astrophysical flows. In typical astrophysical fluids, turbulence is accompanied by strong magnetic fields, which has a large impact on the dynamics of the turbulent cascade. Recently, there has been a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Jungyeon Cho , A. Lazarian , Ethan Vishniac

MHD Turbulence is a critical component of the current paradigms of star formation, particle transport, magnetic reconnection and evolution of the ISM, to name just a few. Progress on this difficult subject is made via numerical simulations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Blakesley Burkhart , Alex Lazarian