Related papers: Two-integral Schwarzschild models
We introduce a new class of 2-D mass models, whose potentials are of St\"ackel form in elliptic coordinates. Our model galaxies have two separate strong cusps that form double nuclei. The potential and surface density distributions are…
A semi-analytic model is proposed that couples the Press-Schechter formalism for the number of galaxies with a prescription for galaxy-galaxy interactions that enables to follow the evolution of galaxy morphologies along the Hubble…
This is the first of a series of papers dedicated to unveil the mass composition and dynamical structure of a sample of flattened early type galaxies in the Coma cluster. We describe our modifications to the Schwarzschild code of Richstone…
This work is devoted to a mathematical analysis of the distributional Schwarzschild geometry. The Schwarzschild solution is extended to include the singularity; the energy momentum tensor becomes a delta-distribution supported at r=0. Using…
We present SMART, a new 3D implementation of the Schwarzschild Method and its application to a triaxial N-body merger simulation. SMART fits full line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) to determine the viewing angles, black hole,…
Adopting Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition technique, we construct a series of self-consistent galaxy models, embedded in the external field of galaxy clusters in the framework of Milgrom's MOdified Newtonian Dynamics. These models…
We derive a long wavelength effective point particle description of four-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes. In this effective theory, absorptive effects are incorporated by introducing degrees of freedom localized on the worldline that…
We present axisymmetric, orbit superposition models for 12 galaxies using data taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and ground-based observatories. In each galaxy, we detect a central black hole (BH) and measure its mass to…
We fit axisymmetric 3-integral dynamical models to NGC3379 using the line-of-sight velocity distribution obtained from HST/FOS spectra of the galaxy center and ground-based long-slit spectroscopy along four position angles, with the light…
We construct axisymmetric Schwarzschild models to measure the mass profile of the local group dwarf galaxy Fornax. These models require no assumptions to be made about the orbital anisotropy of the stars, as is the case for commonly used…
We present a simple and efficient anisotropic generalization of the semi-isotropic (two-integral) axisymmetric Jeans formalism which is used to model the stellar kinematics of galaxies. The following is assumed: (i) a constant mass-to-light…
Syer and Tremaine's made-to-measure method and Schwarzschild's orbit superposition method are well-known within the field of stellar dynamical modeling. This research is concerned with assessing and comparing the operational capabilities of…
The Jeans equations give the second moments or stresses required to support a stellar population against the gravity field. A general solution of the Jeans equations for arbitrary axisymmetric scale-free densities in flattened scale-free…
We analyse VLT/MUSE observations of PGC 046832, the brightest cluster galaxy of Abell 3556. The velocity structure of this galaxy is startling and shows two reversals in sign along the minor axis, and one along the major axis. We use…
A self-consistent stellar dynamical model for the Galactic bar is constructed from about 500 numerically computed orbits with an extension of the Schwarzschild technique. The model fits the {\sl COBE} found asymmetric boxy light…
Dynamical properties of two-component galaxy models whose stellar density distribution is described by a gamma-model while the total density distribution has a pure r^(-2) profile, are presented. The orbital structure of the stellar…
Schwarzschild models of a Plummer sphere were constructed and compared with analytical results to test the robustness of Schwarzschild's method and its efficiency in probing the degeneracy of the solution space. The method was then used to…
The axial and polar modes for the ring down of a Schwarzschild black hole are calculated, by first deriving the Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations, respectively, and finally applying the Asymptotic Iteration Method (AIM). We were able to…
Schwarzschild orbit-based dynamical models are widely used to uncover the internal dynamics of early-type galaxies and globular clusters. Here we present for the first time the Schwarzschild models of late-type galaxies: an SBb galaxy NGC…
We extend existing methods for using cross-correlations to derive redshift distributions for photometric galaxies, without using photometric redshifts. The model presented in this paper simultaneously yields highly accurate and unbiased…