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We investigate the formation and observable properties of faint satellite galaxies (M$_\rm V > -3$) in Milky Way-like halos using the semi-analytic galaxy formation model Galacticus. The ability of the smallest dark matter halos to form…

The Tukey-$\lambda$ distribution has interesting properties including (i) for some parameters values it has finite support, and for others infinite support, and (ii) it can mimic several other distributions such that parameter estimation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Matthew Roughan

We present theoretical calculations for the differential distribution of stellar orbital eccentricity in a galaxy halo, assuming that the stars constitute a spherical, collisionless system in dynamical equilibrium with a dark matter halo.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Kohei Hattori , Yuzuru Yoshii

We apply Noether's theorem to observations of main-sequence stars from the Gaia Data Release 2 archive to probe the matter distribution function of the Galaxy. That is, we examine the axial symmetry of stars at vertical heights $z$, $0.2…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-23 Susan Gardner , Austin Hinkel , Brian Yanny

Dynamical models allow us to connect the motion of a set of tracers to the underlying gravitational potential, and thus to the total (luminous and dark) matter distribution. They are particularly useful for understanding the mass and…

The spatial distribution of Galactic stars with different chemical abundances encodes information on the processes that drove the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. Survey selection functions are indispensable for analysing…

Orbital parameters, such as eccentricity and maximum vertical excursion, of stars in the Milky Way are an important tool for understanding its dynamics and evolution, but calculation of such parameters usually relies on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-17 J. Ted Mackereth , Jo Bovy

We present a novel, data-driven analysis of Galactic dynamics, using unsupervised machine learning -- in the form of density estimation with normalizing flows -- to learn the underlying phase space distribution of 6 million nearby stars…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-05 Sung Hak Lim , Eric Putney , Matthew R. Buckley , David Shih

We present a new iterative method for constructing equilibrium phase models of stellar systems. Importantly, this method can provide phase models with arbitrary mass distributions. The method is based on the following principle. Our task is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 S. A. Rodionov , V. V. Orlov

We construct a dynamical model of the Milky Way disk from a data set, which combines Gaia EDR3 and APOGEE data throughout Galactocentric radii between $5.0\leq R\leq19.5$ kpc. We make use of the spherically-aligned Jeans Anisotropic Method…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-05 Maria Selina Nitschai , Anna-Christina Eilers , Nadine Neumayer , Michele Cappellari , Hans-Walter Rix

A new potential is presented for spherical galaxies. The technique of the construction of our model is similar to that given by An and Evans. In a special case, its mass density becomes a special one of the Hernquist model. Another special…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-11 Zhenglu Jiang , Zanchen Zhuo

Accurate observational data on the rotation curve of the Milky Way galaxy (MW) are very well understood using the gravitational potentials of the baryonic matter (Pouliasis et al., 2017) and the interpolating function presented by McGaugh…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-18 Jozef Klačka , Michal Šturc , Emil Puha

The ongoing interaction between the Milky Way (MW) and its largest satellite - the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) - creates a significant perturbation in the distribution and kinematics of distant halo stars, globular clusters and satellite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-25 Lilia Correa Magnus , Eugene Vasiliev

$Gaia$ DR2 has provided an unprecedented wealth of information about the positions and motions of stars in our Galaxy, and has highlighted the degree of disequilibria in the disc. As we collect data over a wider area of the disc it becomes…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-15 Jason A. S. Hunt , Kathryn V. Johnston , Alex R. Pettitt , Emily C. Cunningham , Daisuke Kawata , David W. Hogg

Massive stars play a significant role in different branches of astronomy, from shaping the processes of star and planet formation to influencing the evolution and chemical enrichment of the distant universe. Despite their high astrophysical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 N. Monsalves , A. Bayo , M. Jaque Arancibia , J. Bodensteiner , A. G. Caneppa , P. Sánchez-Sáez , R. Angeloni

The growing trove of precision astrometric observations from the Gaia space telescope and other surveys is revealing the structure and dynamics of the Milky Way in ever more exquisite detail. We summarize the current status of our…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-04 Susan Gardner , Samuel D. McDermott , Brian Yanny

The Milky Way (MW) is surrounded by a Vast Polar Structure (VPOS) of satellite galaxies, star clusters, and streams. Proper motion measurements for the brightest MW satellites indicate that they are predominantly co-orbiting along the VPOS.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-10-30 Marcel S. Pawlowski

We build a stellar-dynamical model of the Milky Way barred bulge and disk, using a newly implemented adaptive particle method. The underlying mass model has been previously shown to match the Galactic near-infrared surface brightness as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Nicolai Bissantz , Victor P. Debattista , Ortwin Gerhard

The motion of the baryonic components of the Milky Way is governed by both luminous and dark matter content of the Galaxy. Thus, the dynamics of the Milky Way globular clusters can be used as tracers to infer the mass model of the Galaxy up…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-15 Saikat Das , Nirupam Roy

We model the phase-space of the kinematic tracers using general, smooth distribution functions to derive a conservative lower bound on the total mass within 150-200 kpc. By approximating the potential as Keplerian, the phase-space…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-03-19 Łukasz Bratek , Szymon Sikora , Joanna Jałocha , Marek Kutschera
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