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Related papers: A Dynamical Origin for Brown Dwarfs

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A large fraction of brown dwarfs and low-mass stars may form by gravitational fragmentation of relatively massive (a few 0.1 Msun), extended (a few hundred AU) discs around Sun-like stars. We present an ensemble of radiative hydrodynamic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Dimitris Stamatellos , Anthony Whitworth

Massive stars can be efficiently ejected from their birth clusters through encounters with other massive stars. We study how the dynamical ejection fraction of O star systems varies with the masses of very young star clusters, Mecl, by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Seungkyung Oh , Pavel Kroupa , Jan Pflamm-Altenburg

Dynamical masses of giant planets and brown dwarfs are critical tools for empirically validating substellar evolutionary models and their underlying assumptions. We present a measurement of the dynamical mass and an updated orbit of PZ Tel…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-31 Kyle Franson , Brendan P. Bowler

We investigate whether the recently-observed population of high-velocity white dwarfs can be derived from a population of binaries residing initially within the thin disk of the Galaxy. In particular we consider binaries where the primary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 M. B. Davies , A. R. King , H. Ritter

A significant fraction of white dwarfs (WDs) are observed to be polluted with metals despite high surface gravities and short settling times. The current theoretical model for this pollution is accretion of rocky bodies delivered to the WD…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Shane F. N. Frewen , Brad M. S. Hansen

The protostellar outflow mechanism operates for a significant fraction of the pre-main sequence phase of a solar mass star and is thought to have a key role in star and perhaps even planet formation. This energetic mechanism manifests…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-01 E. T. Whelan

The formation mechanisms and chemical compositions of brown dwarfs likely span a diverse range. If they are formed predominantly in isolation by gravitational collapse like dwarf stars then their compositions might follow those of dwarf…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-13 Nikku Madhusudhan , Dániel Apai , Siddharth Gandhi

Context. Comets, asteroids, planetesimals, free-floating planets and brown dwarfs, are continuously injected into the intra-cluster environment after expulsion from their host planetary systems or binary system. The dynamics of large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Francesco Flammini Dotti , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , Kai Wu , Abbas Askar , Peter Berczik , Mirek Giersz , Rainer Spurzem , Ian Dobbs-Dixon

We have measured high-precision parallaxes for a large sample of candidate young (~10-100 Myr) and intermediate-age (~100-600 Myr) ultracool dwarfs, with spectral types ranging from M8 to T2.5. These objects are compelling benchmarks for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Michael C. Liu , Trent J. Dupuy , Katelyn N. Allers

We present the results of a deep, optical/IR wide field imaging survey of selected fields in the nearby (d ~ 140 pc) Taurus star-forming region. We report the discovery of 9 new members with spectral types M5.75-M9.5. We derive an Initial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Cesar Briceno , Kevin Luhman , Lee Hartmann , John Stauffer , Davy Kirkpatrick

We have carried out sensitive 1.3 mm observations of 20 young brown dwarfs in the Taurus star-forming region, representing the largest sample of young substellar objects targeted in a deep millimeter continuum survey to date. Under standard…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Alexander Scholz , Ray Jayawardhana , Kenneth Wood

We present the results of a simulation to investigate the prospects of measuring mass, age, radius, metallicity and luminosity data for brown dwarfs in fully eclipsing binary systems around late K and early M dwarfs identified by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. J. Pinfield , H. R. A. Jones , I. A. Steele

To date, hundreds of sub-stellar objects with masses between $1-80\ M_{\rm Jup}$ have been detected orbiting main-sequence stars. The current convention uses the deuterium-burning limit, $M_c \approx 13 M_{\rm Jup}$ to divide this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Gregory J. Gilbert , Judah Van Zandt , Erik A. Petigura , Steven Giacalone , Andrew W. Howard , Luke B. Handley

In 2005, Palla & Baraffe proposed that brown dwarfs (BDs) and very low mass stars (VLMSs; <0.1 solar masses) may be unstable to radial oscillations during the pre-main-sequence deuterium burning phase. With associated periods of 1-4 hours,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Ann Marie Cody , Lynne A. Hillenbrand

We describe the results of a very deep imaging survey of the Trapezium Cluster in the IJH bands, using the UKIRT high resolution camera UFTI. Approximately 32% of the 515 point sources detected are brown dwarf candidates, including several…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 P. W. Lucas , P. F. Roche

The existence of a deficit of brown dwarfs (BDs) in close orbit around main-sequence stars is one of the most intriguing questions in stellar physics. This so-called BD desert may result from the transition between two different dominant…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-08 F. Marcadon , A. Prša

We have studied twelve very young (1-5Myr) bona fide and candidate brown dwarfs in the ChaI star forming region in terms of their kinematic properties, the occurrence of multiple systems among them as well as their rotational…

Astrophysical objects below the stellar mass limit but well above the mass of Jupiter eluded discovery for nearly three decades after Kumar first proposed their existence, and for two decades after Tarter proposed the name "brown dwarfs."…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 James Liebert

Observations of brown dwarfs and relatively isolated young extrasolar giant planets have provided unprecedented details to probe atmospheric dynamics in a new regime. Questions about mechanisms governing global circulation remain to be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-22 Xianyu Tan