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Related papers: A Dynamical Origin for Brown Dwarfs

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We have investigated the relationship between the kinematics and mass of young (<3x10^8 years) white dwarfs using proper motions. Our sample is taken from the colour selected catalogues of SDSS (Eisenstein et al. 2006) and the Palomar-Green…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Christopher Wegg , E. Sterl Phinney

We present evolutionary models for low mass stars and brown dwarfs ($m \le 1.2 \msol$) based on recent improvement of the theory: equation of state, atmosphere models, ... We concentrate on early evolutionary phases from the initial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. Baraffe , G. Chabrier , F. Allard , P. Hauschildt

We present evolutionary calculations for very-low-mass stars and brown dwarfs based on synthetic spectra and non-grey atmosphere models which include dust formation and opacity, i.e. objects with $\te\simle 2800$ K. The interior of the most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Chabrier , I. Baraffe , F. Allard , P. Hauschildt

The origin of brown dwarfs (BDs) is an important component of the theory of star formation, because BDs are approximately as numerous as solar mass stars. It has been suggested that BDs originate from the gravitational fragmentation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo Padoan , Alexei Kritsuk , Michael Norman , Ake Nordlund

Abridged/ We present numerical results on the properties of young binary and multiple stellar systems. Our analysis is based on a series of SPH + Nbody simulations of the fragmentation of small molecular clouds, that fully resolve the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. J. Delgado-Donate , C. J. Clarke , M. R. Bate , S. T. Hodgkin

Close white dwarf binaries make up a wide variety of objects such as double white dwarf binaries, which are possible SN Ia progenitors, cataclysmic variables, super soft sources, or AM CVn stars. The evolution and formation of close white…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. R. Schreiber , A. Nebot Gomez-Moran , A. D. Schwope

Planets and other low-mass binary companions to stars face a variety of potential fates as their host stars move off the main sequence and grow to subgiants and giants. Stellar mass loss tends to make orbits expand, and tidal torques tend…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-20 David S. Spiegel

Dozens of planets and brown dwarfs are known to orbit one component of tight stellar binaries ($a_{\rm bin} \lesssim 20$ au), despite circumstellar discs in such systems being truncated to radii of only $\sim (0.2-5)$ au. This presents a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 Luyao Zhang , Sergei Nayakshin , Clement Baruteau , Philippe Thebault , Eduard I. Vorobyov

The mass domain where massive extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs overlap is still poorly understood due to the paucity of brown dwarfs orbiting close to solar-type stars, the so-called brown dwarf desert. In this paper we collect all of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Bo Ma , Jian Ge

Surveys of young star-forming regions have discovered a growing population of planetary-mass (<13 M_Jup) companions around young stars. There is an ongoing debate as to whether these companions formed like planets (that is, from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-05 Marta L. Bryan , Bjorn Benneke , Heather A. Knutson , Konstantin Batygin , Brendan P. Bowler

Binary statistics of the latest-type T and Y brown dwarfs are sparse and it is unclear whether the trends seen in the multiplicity properties of their more massive counterparts hold for the very coolest brown dwarfs. We present results from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Clémence Fontanive , Beth Biller , Mariangela Bonavita , Katelyn Allers

How frequent are brown dwarf binaries? Do brown dwarfs have planets? Are current theoretical pre-main-sequence evolutionary tracks valid down to the substellar regime? - Any detection of a companion to a brown dwarf takes us one step…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 V. Joergens , E. Guenther , R. Neuhäuser , F. Comerón , N. Huélamo , J. Alves , Wolfgang Brandner

I report the results of a survey for low-mass (0.030 <~ M <~ 0.013 M_solar) brown dwarfs in the direction of the TW Hya association using 2MASS. Two late-M dwarfs show signs of low surface gravity and are strong candidates to be young,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-08 John E. Gizis

We examine the evolution of low-mass star and brown dwarf eclipsing binaries. These objects are rapid rotators and are believed to shelter large magnetic fields. We suggest that reduced convective efficiency, due to fast rotation and large…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Gilles Chabrier , Jose Gallardo , Isabelle Baraffe

Observations and theory both suggest that star clusters form sub-virial (cool) with highly sub-structured distributions. We perform a large ensemble of N-body simulations of moderate-sized (N=1000) cool, fractal clusters to investigate…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Richard J. Allison , Simon P. Goodwin , Richard J. Parker , Simon F. Portegies Zwart , Richard de Grijs

In this review, we examine the successes and weaknesses of modern low-mass star and brown dwarf theory.(1) We first focus on the mechanical (equation of state) and thermal (atmosphere) properties and on the evolution. We then examine the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 G. Chabrier , I. Baraffe , F. Allard , P. H. Hauschildt

We analyse pre-Main Sequence evolutionary tracks for low mass stars with masses $m \le 1.4 \msol$ based on the Baraffe et al. (1998) input physics. We also extend the recent Chabrier et al. (2000) evolutionary models based on dusty…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 I. Baraffe , G. Chabrier , F. Allard , Hauschildt

The very recent discovery of planets orbiting very low mass stars sheds light on these exotic objects. Planetary systems around low-mass stars and brown dwarfs are very different from our solar system: the planets are expected to be much…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-06 Emeline Bolmont

Galaxy clusters contain a large population of low mass dwarf elliptical galaxies whose exact origin is unclear: their colors, structural properties and kinematics differ substantially from those of dwarf irregulars in the field. We use the…

As outflow activity in low mass protostars is strongly connected to ac- cretion it is reasonable to expect accreting brown dwarfs to also be driving out- flows. In the last three years we have searched for brown dwarf outflows using high…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. T. Whelan , T. P. Ray , F. Bacciotti , S. Randich , A. Natta