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Solar flares are highly energetic events that happen in the solar atmosphere. They are mostly observed as X-ray or gamma-ray bursts located on the Sun's surface. While they are known to be sites of particle acceleration, the acceleration…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-25 Jonathan Mauro , Gwenhaël de Wasseige

The collisional thick target model, wherein a large number of electrons are accelerated down a flaring loop, can be used to explain many observed properties of solar flares. In this study, we focus on the sensitivity of GOES flare…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-29 Jeffrey Reep , Stephen Bradshaw , R. T. James McAteer

The issue of predicting solar flares is one of the most fundamental in physics, addressing issues of plasma physics, high-energy physics, and modelling of complex systems. It also poses societal consequences, with our ever-increasing need…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 R. T. James McAteer , Peter T. Gallagher , Paul A. Conlon

We study the waiting time distributions of solar flares observed in hard X-rays with ISEE-3/ICE, HXRBS/SMM, WATCH/GRANAT, BATSE/CGRO, and RHESSI. Although discordant results and interpretations have been published earlier, based on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Markus J. Aschwanden , James M. McTiernan

Small amplitude quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) detected in soft X-ray emission are commonplace in many flares. To date, the underpinning processes resulting in the QPPs are unknown. In this paper, we attempt to constrain the prevalence of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-03 Laura A. Hayes , Andrew R. Inglis , Steven Christe , Brian Dennis , Peter T. Gallagher

In this paper we analyze soft and hard X-ray emission of the 2002 September 20 M1.8 GOES class solar flare observed by RHESSI and GOES satellites. In this flare event, soft X-ray emission precedes the onset of the main bulk hard X-ray…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. Siarkowski , R. Falewicz , P. Rudawy

This article discusses statistical models for solar flare interval distribution in individual active regions. We analyzed solar flare data in 55 active regions that are listed in the GOES soft X-ray flare catalog. We discuss some problems…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yuki Kubo

We present an analysis of soft X-ray (SXR) and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) observations of solar flares with an approximate C8 GOES class. Our constraint on peak GOES SXR flux allows for the investigation of correlations between various flare…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-09 Trevor A. Bowen , Paola Testa , Katharine K. Reeves

Understanding the physical processes that trigger solar flares is paramount to help with forecasting space weather and mitigating the effects on our technological infrastructure. A previously unknown phenomenon was recently identified in…

A time series of soft X-ray emission observed on 1974-2007 years (GOES) is analyzed. We show that in the periods of high solar activity 1977-1981, 1988-1992, 1999-2003 the energy statistics of soft X-ray solar flares for class M and C is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-15 A. A. Stanislavsky , K. Burnecki , M. Magdziarz , A. Weron , K. Weron

Solar flare ribbons are believed to map the footpoints of newly reconnected magnetic flux tubes, therefore shedding light on the reconnecting current sheet, which is rarely observed by direct imaging or spectroscopy. Here we study the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-19 Yue Zhang , Rui Liu , Wensi Wang , Junyan Liu

The evolution of the solar neutrino flux which is described by the wave function $\Psi^T=(\nu_{eL},\nu_{XL}, \overline{\nu}_{eL}, \overline{\nu}_{XL})$ is examined. Our treatment of the problem holds for any standard model (SM) extensions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-06 O. M. Boyarkin , I. O. Boyarkina

Content. Solar flares are often used as precursors of geomagnetic storms. In particular, Howard and Tappin (2005) recently published in A&A a dependence between X-ray class of solar flares and Ap and Dst indexes of geomagnetic storms which…

Space Physics · Physics 2009-12-02 Yu. I. Yermolaev , M. Yu. Yermolaev

Flares close to the solar limb, where the footpoints are occulted, can reveal the spectrum and structure of the coronal loop-top source in X-rays. We aim at studying the properties of the corresponding energetic electrons near their…

The hard X-ray emission in a solar flare is typically characterized by a number of discrete sources, each with its own spectral, temporal, and spatial variability. Establishing the relationship amongst these sources is critical to determine…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Federica Sciacchitano , Alberto Sorrentino , A Gordon Emslie , Anna Maria Massone , Michele Piana

We present an overview of solar flares and associated phenomena, drawing upon a wide range of observational data primarily from the RHESSI era. Following an introductory discussion and overview of the status of observational capabilities,…

Solar flare activity is characterised by different classification systems, both in optical and X-ray ranges. The most generally accepted classifications of solar flares describe important parameters of flares such as the maximum of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Elena Bruevich

The time evolution of the spectral index and the non-thermal flux in 24 impulsive solar hard X-ray flares of GOES class M was studied in RHESSI observations. The high spectral resolution allows for a clean separation of thermal and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo C. Grigis , Arnold O. Benz

Most flares on the Sun occur at random, but there is a small percentage of "sympathetic flaring" -- the triggering of one flare by another. Previously there had been no widespread confirmation of sympathetic flares on other stars. In this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-25 Veronica Pratt , Jason R. Reeves , David V. Martin , Andy B. Zhang , Andrew Korkus , S. Edelman

We investigate the characteristics of the solar flares complex network. The limited predictability, non-linearity, and self-organized criticality of the flares allow us to study systems of flares in the field of the complex systems. Both…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-04 Akbar Gheibi , Hossein Safari , Mohsen Javaherian