Related papers: Is the gas in cooling-flows multi-phase?
We examine recent developments in the cluster cooling flow scenario following recent observations by Chandra and XMM-Newton. We show that the distribution of gas emissivity verses temperature determined by XMM-Newton gratings observations…
I discuss the multiphase nature of the intracluster medium whose neglect can lead to overestimates of the baryon fraction of clusters by up to a factor of two. The multiphase form of the cooling flow equations are derived and reduced to a…
In conventional models of galactic and cluster cooling flows widespread cooling (mass dropout) is assumed to avoid accumulation of unacceptably large central masses. However, recent XMM observations have failed to find spectral evidence for…
Strong evidence for cooling flows has been found in low resolution X-ray imaging and spectra of many clusters of galaxies. However high resolution X-ray spectra of several clusters from the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) on…
A common feature of the X-ray bubbles observed in Chandra images of some "cooling flow" clusters is that they appear to be surrounded by bright, cool shells. Temperature maps of a few nearby luminous clusters reveal that the shells consist…
Early X-ray observations suggested that the intracluster medium cools and condenses at the centers of clusters, leading to a cooling flow of plasma in the cluster core. The increased incidence of emission-line nebulosity, excess blue light,…
We report the results of experiments aimed at reducing the major problem with cooling flow models of rich cluster X-ray sources: the fact that most of the cooled gas or its products have not been found. Here we show that much of the X-ray…
I review the multiphase cooling flow equations that reduce to a relatively simple form for a wide class of self-similar density distributions described by a single parameter, $k$. It is shown that steady-state cooling flows are \emph{not}…
Recent data have radically altered the X-ray perspective on cooling flow clusters. X-ray spectra show that very little of the hot intracluster medium is cooler than about 1 keV, despite having short cooling times. In an increasing number of…
In many clusters of galaxies there is evidence for cooling flows which deposit large quantities of cool gas in the central regions. A fraction of this gas might accumulate as dense cool clouds. The aim of this communication is to discuss…
We have calculated the emergent X-ray properties for models of cluster cooling flows including the effects of accumulated cooled material. The opacity of this cooled gas can reduce the overall X-ray luminosity of the cooling flow, and…
For two decades the steady-state cooling-flow model has dominated the literature of cluster and elliptical-galaxy X-ray sources. For ten years this model has been in severe difficulty from a theoretical point of view, and it is now coming…
Recent XMM-Newton observations of clusters of galaxies have indicated the soft X-ray spectra to be inconsistent with the simple isobaric cooling flow model. There is almost no feature of the cold gas expected from the model. This shows that…
Recent observations by Chandra and XMM-Newton demonstrate that the central gas in "cooling flow" galaxy clusters has a mass cooling rate that decreases rapidly with decreasing temperature. This contrasts the predictions of a steady state…
I study non-radiative cooling of X-ray emitting gas via heat conduction along magnetic field lines inside magnetic flux loops in cooling flow clusters of galaxies. I find that such heat conduction can reduce the fraction of energy radiated…
We study the possibility that a large fraction of the gas at temperatures of \~10^7 K in cooling flow clusters cools by heat conduction to lower temperatures, rather than by radiative cooling. We argue that this process, when incorporated…
New X-ray observations with XMM-Newton show a lack of spectral evidence for large amounts of cooling and condensing gas in the centers of galaxy clusters believed to harbour strong cooling flows. The paper reexplores the cooling flow…
We present high resolution X-ray spectra of 14 cooling-flow X-ray clusters and groups obtained with the Reflection Grating Spectrometers (RGS) on XMM-Newton. The spectra exhibit line emission from a number of Fe L charge states as well as O…
We review the X-ray spectra of the cores of clusters of galaxies. Recent high resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations have demonstrated a severe deficit of emission at the lowest X-ray temperatures as compared to that expected from…
We describe a new type of dynamical model for hot gas in galaxy groups and clusters in which gas moves simultaneously in both radial directions. Circulation flows are consistent with (1) the failure to observe cooling gas in X-ray spectra,…