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Reverberation mapping (RM) is the most promising method to measure the masses of supermassive black holes in the center of active galaxy nuclei (AGNs). However, the dominant jet component hinders the application of RM method for blazars. In…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-01 Junhao Deng , Lizhi Liu , Yifan Wang , Yunguo Jiang

We recently argued (Meyer 2011) that the collective properties of radio loud active galactic nuclei point to the existence of two families of sources, one of powerful sources with single velocity jets and one of weaker jets with significant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-11-22 Markos Georganopoulos , Eileen T. Meyer , Giovanni Fossati , Matthew L. Lister

In this work I review the observational constraints imposed on the energetics and magnetisation of quasar jets, in the context of theoretical expectations. The discussion is focused on issues regarding the jet production efficiency, matter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-14 Marek Sikora

The parsec-scale radio properties of blazars detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have been investigated using observations with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). Comparisons between LAT…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-05-04 J. D. Linford , G. B. Taylor , R. W. Romani , J. F. Helmboldt , A. C. S. Readhead , R. Reeves , J. L. Richards

(abridged) Relativistic jets, formed in the vicinity of central supermassive black holes in AGN, show ample evidence connecting them to physical conditions in the accretion disc and broad-line region. The jets are responsible for a large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-15 Andrei Lobanov

Blazars are radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) with relativistic jets oriented towards the observer's line-of-sight. Based on their optical spectra, blazars may be classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) or BL Lacs. FSRQs are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-14 Emmanuel Uwitonze , Pheneas Nkundabakura , Tom Mutabazi

Relativistic jets are thought to play a crucial role in the formation and evolution of massive galaxies and supermassive black holes. Blazars, which are quasars with jets aligned along our line of sight, provide insights into the jetted…

The two-component broad-band spectral energy distributions of blazars were suggested to form a sequence in which (1) the peak frequency of the low-energy (synchrotron) component nu_syn is anticorrelated with the synchrotron luminosity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-11 Krzysztof Nalewajko , Maitrayee Gupta

Blazars, a highly energetic subclass of jetted active galactic nuclei, show a broad band spectral energy distribution (SED) with two bumps, resulting from non-thermal jet emission. In 1998, an anticorrelation between the SED luminosity and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 I. Viale , E. Prandini , C. Righi , F. Bovolon , N. Sahakyan

Surveys have shown radio-loud (RL) quasars constitute $10 \%$-$15 \%$ of the total quasar population. However, it is unknown if the radio-loud fraction (RL quasars/Total quasars) remains consistent among different parameter spaces. This…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-31 Avinanda Chakraborty , Anirban Bhattacharjee

We fit the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of members of a large sample of Fermi 2LAC blazars to synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) models. Our main results are as follows. (i) As suggested by previous works, the correlation between…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-12 R. Xue , D. Luo , L. M. Du , Z. R. Wang , Z. H. Xie , T. F. Yi , D. R. Xiong , Y. B. Xu , W. G. Liu , X. L. Yu

The spectral energy distribution and variability of several blazars (Mkn 501, 1 ES 2344+51.4, PKS 2155-30.4, 1 ES 1218+30.4, 3C 454.3) along the blazar sequence is investigated using a selfconsistent and timedependent lepto-hadronic hybrid…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-09-12 Matthias Weidinger , Felix Spanier

In this study, we analyze the $\sim 16$ yr Fermi-LAT data of 160 blazars consisting of 92 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 64 BL Lacertae type objects (BL Lacs), and 4 blazar candidates of unknown type objects (BCU), and exhibit their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-22 Junhao Deng , Yunguo Jiang

Accreting black holes produce powerful relativistic plasma jets which emit radiation across all observable wavelengths but the details of the initial acceleration and confinement of the jet are uncertain. We apply an innovative new model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-30 William J. Potter , Garret Cotter

We present a temporal and spectral analysis of the gamma-ray flux from nine of the brightest flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) detected with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) during its first eight years of operation, with the aim of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-20 Atreya Acharyya , Paula M. Chadwick , Anthony M. Brown

We reevaluate 610 sources classified as Flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) in the 5th edition of the Roma-BZCAT. Optical spectra from SDSS DR16 confirm broad emission lines within $0.11 \leq z \leq 5.28$. To assess their blazar-like…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Jonhatan U. Guerrero-González , Vahram Chavushyan , Víctor M. Patiño-Álvarez

Theoretical models for the production of relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei predict that jet power arises from the spin and mass of the central black hole, as well as the magnetic field near the event horizon. The physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 G. Ghisellini , F. Tavecchio , L. Maraschi , A. Celotti , T. Sbarrato

Flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) constitute a class of jetted active galaxies characterized by a very luminous accretion disk, prominent and rapidly moving line-emitting cloud structures (Broad Line Region, BLR), and a surrounding dense…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-16 MAGIC Collaboration

Blazars are a sub-population of quasars whose jets are nearly aligned with the line-of-sight, which tend to exhibit multi-wavelength variability on a variety of timescales. Quasi-periodic variability on year-like timescales has been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-05 A. Miguel Holgado , Alberto Sesana , Angela Sandrinelli , Stefano Covino , Aldo Treves , Xin Liu , Paul Ricker

Recent VLBI studies of the morphology and kinematics of individual BL Lac objects (S5 1803+784, PKS 0735+178, etc.) have revealed a new paradigm for the pc-scale jet kinematics of these sources. Unlike the apparent superluminal outward…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-18 Marios Karouzos , Silke Britzen , Arno Witzel , Anton J. Zensus , Andreas Eckart