Related papers: New circumstellar magnetic field diagnostics
Observational constraints on stellar magnetic fields are essential to both stellar and planetary physics. Recent studies revealed the diversity and evolution of large-scale magnetic fields in low-mass stars. These large-scale fields only…
Magnetic fields are observed everywhere in the universe. In this review, we concentrate on the observational aspects of the magnetic fields of Galactic and extragalactic objects. Readers can follow the milestones in the observations of…
The linear polarization pattern produced by scattering processes in the Ca I resonance line at 4227 angstroms is a valuable observable for probing the solar atmosphere. Via the Hanle effect, the very significant Q/I and U/I line-center…
The Hanle effect in strong spectral lines is the physical mechanism that should be increasingly exploited for quantitative explorations of the magnetism of the quiet solar chromospheric plasma. Here we show, by means of multilevel radiative…
Current burning issues in stellar physics, for both hot and cool stars, concern their magnetism. In hot stars, stable magnetic fields of fossil origin impact their stellar structure and circumstellar environment, with a likely major role in…
Determining the magnetic field of solar spicules is vital for developing adequate models of these plasma jets, which are thought to play a key role in the thermal, dynamic, and magnetic structure of the chromosphere. Here we report on…
Magnetic fields affect the local structure of the photosphere of stars. They can considerably influence the radiative properties near the optical surface, flow velocities, and the temperature and pressure profiles. We aim at understanding…
Resonance lines that are sensitive to the Hanle effect are prominent in the UV spectra of early-type stars. To understand the differences from the solar application of the Hanle effect, we focus on the formation of P-Cygni lines both as a…
An accurate forecast of flare and CME initiation requires precise measurements of the magnetic energy build up and release in the active regions of the solar atmosphere. We designed a new space weather mission that performs such…
Despite the influence of magnetic fields on the structure and evolution of stars is largely demonstrated from the theoretical point of view, their observational evidence in non-degenerated stars is still rather scanty and mainly…
Due to the quick evolution of the solar chromosphere, its magnetic field cannot be inferred reliably without accounting for the temporal variations of its polarized light. This has been broadly overlooked in the modelling and interpretation…
Magnetometry is an important tool prevalent in many applications such as fundamental research, material characterization and biological imaging. Atomic magnetometry conventionally makes use of two quantum states, the energy difference of…
Sensing a magnetic field with an atomic magnetometer operated in real time presents significant challenges, primarily due to sensor non-linearity, the presence of noise, and the need for one-shot estimation. To address these challenges, we…
Context. Observations of Zeeman split spectral lines represent an important approach to derive the structure and strength of magnetic fields in molecular clouds. In contrast to the uncertainty of the spectral line observation itself, the…
Magnetic fields on the surface of the Sun and stars in general imprint or modify the polarization state of the electromagnetic radiation that is leaving from the star. The inference of solar/stellar magnetic fields is performed by…
Exposing the polarization signatures of the solar chromosphere requires studying its temporal variations, which is rarely done when modelling and interpreting scattering and Hanle signals. The present contribution sketches the scientific…
Magnetic field measurements in the upper chromosphere and above, where the gas-to-magnetic pressure ratio $\beta$ is lower than unity, are essential for understanding the thermal structure and dynamical activity of the solar atmosphere.…
Observations of scattering polarization and the Hanle effect in various spectral lines are increasingly used to complement traditional solar magnetic field determination techniques. One of the strongest scattering polarization signals in…
Magnetic fields in cool stars can be investigated by measuring Zeeman line broadening and polarization in atomic and molecular lines. Similar to the Sun, these fields are complex and height-dependent. Many molecular lines dominating M-dwarf…
This paper identifies spectral lines from X-ray to infrared wavelengths which are optimally suited to measuring vector magnetic fields as high as possible in the solar atmosphere. Instrumental and Earth's atmospheric properties, as well as…