Related papers: Cosmic Ray Acceleration by Magnetic Traps
Context. The diffusive shock acceleration mechanism has been widely accepted as the acceleration mechanism for galactic cosmic rays. While self-consistent hybrid simulations have shown how power-law spectra are produced, detailed…
Cosmic-ray transport in turbulent astrophysical environments remains a multifaceted problem and, despite decades of study, the impact of complex magnetic field geometry -- evident in simulations and observations -- has only recently…
Being the most extreme explosions in the universe, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) provide a unique laboratory to study various plasma physics phenomena. The complex lightcurve and broad-band, non-thermal spectra indicate a very complicated system…
Most cosmic rays are thought to be accelerated by the shocks of supernova explosions of very massive stars. Here we review one quantitative proposal, which predicted the spectral slopes, bend and cutoff about the cosmic ray spectrum across…
The acceleration of charged particles at astrophysical collisionless shock waves is one of the best studied processes for the energization of particles to ultrarelativistic energies, required by multifrequency observations in a variety of…
The propagation of high-energy cosmic rays through giant molecular clouds constitutes a fundamental process in astronomy and astrophysics. The diffusion of cosmic-rays through these magnetically turbulent environments is often studied…
Particle acceleration at non-relativistic shocks can be very efficient, leading to the appearance of non-linear effects due to the dynamical reaction of the accelerated particles on the shock structure and to the non-linear amplification of…
We argue that clusters of galaxies have an intergalactic medium, which is permeated by strong magnetic fields and also has a contribution of pressure from cosmic rays. These two components of total pressure are probably highly time…
Galactic cosmic rays are believed to be accelerated at supernova remnant shocks. Gamma-ray observations of both supernova remnants and associated molecular clouds have been used in several occasions to test (so far quite successfully) this…
The non-resonant (Bell) streaming instability driven by energetic particles is crucial for producing amplified magnetic fields that are key to the acceleration of cosmic rays (CRs) in supernova remnants, around Galactic and extra-galactic…
Cosmic rays (CRs) leave their sources mainly along the local magnetic field; in doing so they excite both resonant and nonresonant modes through streaming instabilities. The excitation of these modes leads to enhanced scattering and in turn…
Due to its ubiquitous presence, turbulence is often invoked to explain the origin of nonthermal particles in astrophysical sources of high-energy emission. With particle-in-cell simulations, we study decaying turbulence in…
The ratio between secondary and primary cosmic ray particles is the main source of information about cosmic ray propagation in the Galaxy. Primary cosmic rays are thought to be accelerated mainly in Supernova Remnant (SNR) shocks and then…
A mechanism of ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic ray acceleration in extragalactic radio sources at the interface between the relativistic jet and the ambient medium is discussed as a supplement to the shock acceleration in `hot spots'.…
Observations of molecular clouds in the gamma ray domain provide us with a tool to study the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. This is because cosmic rays can penetrate molecular clouds, undergo hadronic interactions in the dense…
We analyse the results of recent measurements of nonthermal emission from individual supernova remnants (SNRs) and their correspondence to the nonlinear kinetic theory of cosmic ray (CR) acceleration in SNRs. It is shown that the theory…
We will review the main channels of gamma ray emission due to the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays, discussing the cases of both galactic and extra-galactic cosmic rays and their connection with gamma rays observations.
We investigate the acceleration of cosmic rays at the termination shock that results from the interaction of the collective wind of star clusters with the surrounding interstellar medium. The solution of the transport equation of…
Motivated by recent experimental proposals to search for extragalactic cosmic rays (including anti-matter from distant galaxies), we study particle propagation through the intergalactic medium (IGM). We first use estimates of the magnetic…
Cosmological MHD simulations of galaxy cluster formation show a significant amplification of seed magnetic fields. We developed a novel method to decompose cluster magnetized turbulence into modes and showed that the fraction of the fast…