Related papers: Cosmic Ray Acceleration by Magnetic Traps
Possible formulations of the problem of cosmic rays acceleration in the interstellar galactic medium are considered with the use of fractional differential equations. The applied technique has been physically justified. A Fermi result has…
We consider the diffusive shock acceleration in interstellar bubbles created by powerful stellar winds of supernova progenitors. Under the moderate stellar wind magnetization the bubbles are filled by the strongly magnetized low density…
Cosmic ray (CR) transport and acceleration is determined by the properties of magnetic turbulence. Recent advances in MHD turbulence call for revisions in the paradigm of cosmic ray transport. We use the models of magnetohydrodynamic…
The propagation of cosmic rays in turbulent magnetic fields is a diffusive process driven by the scattering of the charged particles by random magnetic fluctuations. Such fields are usually highly intermittent, consisting of intense…
The physics of energetic particle propagation in magnetised environments plays a crucial role in both the processes of acceleration and transport of cosmic rays. Recent theoretical developments in the field of cosmic ray research have been…
The acceleration of ultra high energy cosmic rays is conjectured to occur through various interactions with the electromagnetic fields in different astrophysical objects, like magnetic matter clumps, besides the well-known shock and…
The problem of cosmic-ray scattering in the turbulent electromagnetic fields of the interstellar medium and the solar wind is of great importance due to the variety of applications of the resulting diffusion coefficients. Examples are…
Theoretical concepts ofn cosmic ray particle acceleration at relativistic plasma flows -- shocks and shear layers -- are reviewed. We begin with a discussion of mildly relativistic shock waves. The role of oblique field configurations and…
We investigate acceleration of cosmic rays by shocks and accretion flows in galaxy clusters. Numerical results for spectra of accelerated particles and nonthermal emission are presented. It is shown that the acceleration of protons and…
Cosmic Ray (CR) acceleration still challenges the researchers. Fast particles may be accelerated in astrophysical environments by a variety of processes. Acceleration in magnetic reconnection sites in particular, has lately attracted the…
Intercluster medium is expected to be turbulent with turbulence being superAlfvenic at large scales. Magnetic fields substantially modify the turbulent cascade when the turbulence reaches the scales at which the fluctuation velocity gets…
The mechanism accelerating cosmic rays in the Milky Way Galaxy and galaxy clusters is identified and described. The acceleration of cosmic rays is a purely electrostatic process which operates up to the maximum energies of $10^{23}$ eV in…
We show that the energy required to turbulently amplify magnetic field during cosmic ray (CR) acceleration by shocks extracts energy from the CR and steepens the CR energy spectrum.
How and where cosmic rays are produced, and how they diffuse through various turbulent media, represent fundamental problems in astrophysics with far reaching implications, both in terms of our theoretical understanding of high-energy…
Observations of large-scale radio emissions prove the existence of shock accelerated cosmic-ray electrons in galaxy clusters, while the lack of detected $\gamma$-rays limits the acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in galaxy clusters. This…
Cosmic ray (CR) transport and acceleration is essential for many astrophysical problems, e.g., CMB foreground, ionization of molecular clouds and all high energy phenomena. Recent advances in MHD turbulence call for revisions in the…
Galactic cosmic rays are believed to be accelerated at supernova remnants via diffusive shock acceleration. Though this mechanism gives fairly robust predictions for the spectrum of particles accelerated at the shock, the spectrum of the…
Recently a new transport theory of cosmic rays in magnetized space plasmas extending the quasilinear approximation to the particle orbit has been developed for the case of an axisymmetric incompressible magnetic turbulence. Here we…
The description of the transport of cosmic rays in magnetized media is central to both acceleration and propagation of these particles in our Galaxy and outside. The investigation of the process of particle acceleration, especially at shock…
The dynamic processes of magnetic reconnection and turbulence cause magnetic islands/flux-ropes generation. The in-situ observations suggest that the coalescence or/and contraction of magnetic islands are responsible to the charged particle…