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Related papers: A semi-analytical approach to non-linear shock acc…

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We consider the acceleration of charged particles near ultra-relativistic shocks, with Lorentz factor Gamma_s >> 1. We present simulations of the acceleration process and compare these with results from semi-analytical calculations. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Abraham Achterberg , Yves A. Gallant , John G. Kirk , Axel W. Guthmann

Fermi acceleration in a Fermi-Ulam model, consisting of an ensemble of particles bouncing between two, infinitely heavy, stochastically oscillating hard walls, is investigated. It is shown that the widely used approximation, neglecting the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. K. Karlis , P. K. Papachristou , F. K. Diakonos , V. Constantoudis , P. Schmelcher

This paper considers particle propagation in a cylindrical molecular communication channel, e.g. a simplified model of a blood vessel. Emitted particles are influenced by diffusion, flow, and a vertical force induced e.g. by gravity or…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-02-26 Maximilian Schäfer , Wayan Wicke , Rudolf Rabenstein , Robert Schober

In turbulent magnetized plasmas, charged particles can be accelerated to high energies through their interactions with the turbulent motions. As they do so, they draw energy from the turbulence, possibly up to the point where they start…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-11 M. Lemoine , K. Murase , F. Rieger

Powerful stellar winds and supernova explosions with intense energy release in the form of strong shock waves can convert a sizeable part of the kinetic energy release into energetic particles. The starforming regions are argued as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 A. M. Bykov , P. E. Gladilin , S. M. Osipov

We present results from a Monte Carlo simulation of a parallel collisionless shock undergoing particle acceleration. Our simulation, which contains parameterized scattering and a particular thermal leakage injection model, calculates the…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Donald C. Ellison , Donald C. Warren , Andrei M. Bykov

Understanding the conditions conducive to particle acceleration at collisionless, non-relativistic shocks is important for the origin of cosmic rays. We use hybrid (kinetic ions -- fluid electrons) kinetic simulations to investigate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-07 Luca Orusa , Damiano Caprioli

I review the current status of Fermi acceleration theory at relativistic shocks. I first discuss the relativistic shock jump conditions, then describe the non-relativistic Fermi mechanism and the differences introduced by relativistic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yves A. Gallant

Monte Carlo techniques are used to model nonlinear particle acceleration in parallel collisionless shocks of various speeds, including mildly relativistic ones. When the acceleration is efficient, the backreaction of accelerated particles…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Donald C. Ellison , Glen P. Double

Collisionless plasma shock theory, which applies for example to the afterglow of gamma ray bursts, still contains key issues that are poorly understood. In this paper we study charged particle dynamics in a highly relativistic collisionless…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. B. Hededal , T. Haugboelle , J. Trier Frederiksen , Å. Nordlund

We explore electron pre-acceleration at high Mach-number nonrelativistic perpendicular shocks at, e.g., young supernova remnants, which are a prerequisite of further acceleration to very high energies via diffusive shock acceleration. Using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-06 Artem Bohdan , Jacek Niemiec , Martin Pohl , Yosuke Matsumoto , Takanobu Amano , Masahiro Hoshino

Theoretical studies of cosmic ray particle acceleration in the first-order Fermi process at relativistic shocks are reviewed. At the beginning we discuss the acceleration processes acting at mildly relativistic shock waves. An essential…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michal Ostrowski

The rate at which particles are accelerated by the first-order Fermi mechanism in shocks depends on the angle, \teq{\Tbone}, that the upstream magnetic field makes with the shock normal. The greater the obliquity the greater the rate, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 D. C. Ellison , M. G. Baring , F. C. Jones

We simulate the acceleration processes of collisionless particles in a shock structure with magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) fluctuations. The electromagnetic field is represented as a sum of MHD shock solution ($\Mag_0, \Ele_0$) and torsional…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Takayuki Muranushi , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Particle acceleration in collisionless astrophysical shocks, i.e., diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), is the most likely mechanism for producing cosmic rays, at least below 10^{15} eV. Despite the success of this theory, several key…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Donald C. Ellison , Pasquale Blasi , Stefano Gabici

We use 2D and 3D hybrid (kinetic ions - fluid electrons) simulations to investigate particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification at non-relativistic astrophysical shocks. We show that diffusive shock acceleration operates for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Damiano Caprioli , Anatoly Spitkovsky

A simplified model of particle transport at a quasiparallel one-dimensional collisionless shock is suggested. In this model the MHD-turbulence behind the shock is dominated by a circularly polarized, large amplitude Alfv\'en wave originated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. A. Malkov

Fast collisionless shocks in cosmic plasmas convert their kinetic energy flow into the hot downstream thermal plasma with a substantial fraction of energy going into a broad spectrum of superthermal charged particles and magnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-04-05 Andrei M. Bykov , Donald C. Ellison , Sergei M. Osipov

We describe a semi-analytical approach to non-linear diffusive shock acceleration in the case in which nuclei other than protons are also accelerated. The structure of the shock is determined by the complex interplay of all nuclei, and in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-11-10 D. Caprioli , P. Blasi , E. Amato

The early acceleration of protons and electrons in the nonrelativistic collisionless shocks with three obliquities are investigated through 1D particle-in-cell simulations. In the simulations, the charged particles possessing a velocity of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-06 Jun Fang , Chun-Yan Lu , Jing-Wen Yan , Huan Yu