Related papers: Hidden BL Lacertae Objects Near and Far
In this last decade, our knowledge of evolutionary and structural properties of stars of different mass and chemical composition has significantly improved. This notwithstanding, updated stellar models are still affected by significant and,…
We describe the cosmological evolution predicted by three distinct $f(R)$ theories, with emphasis on the evolution of linear perturbations. The most promising observational tools for distinguishing $f(R)$ theories from $\Lambda$CDM are…
After the recent experimental results on neutrino oscillations, some shape starts to emerge from the puzzle. However, the situation is still far from being clarified. First of all, accommodating all experimental results in a single and…
Loop quantum cosmology is a conflicted field in which exuberant claims of observability coexist with serious objections against the conceptual and physical viability of its current formulations. This contribution presents a non-technical…
The Bell inequality is thought to be a common constraint shared by all models of local hidden variables that aim to describe the entangled states of two qubits. Since the inequality is violated by the quantum mechanical description of these…
The aim of the present article is to give an exact and correct representation of the essentially important part of modern special relativity theory that touches upon the behavior of the proper length of accelerated moving bodies.In…
Model selection and assessment with incomplete data pose challenges in addition to the ones encountered with complete data. There are two main reasons for this. First, many models describe characteristics of the complete data, in spite of…
I review recent lattice results on the spectrum and structure of baryons. Limitations due to the quenched approximation and un-physically heavy up and down quarks are discussed, and interfaces between first principles studies of QCD (or…
The evolution of irregular galaxies is examined from two points of view: on the one hand, models of galactic chemical evolution have been computed and their predictions compared with the corresponding observational data on the element…
Current extragalactic databases are reviewed, including object-oriented databases, astronomical catalogues and compilations, as well as image archives and object catalogues from large-scale surveys. One challenge of the future will be to…
We explore the dynamics and evolution of the Universe at early and late times, focusing on both dark energy and extended gravity models and their astrophysical and cosmological consequences. Modified theories of gravity not only provide an…
Once understood as the paradigm of passively evolving objects, the discovery that massive galaxies experienced an enormous structural evolution in the last ten billion years has opened an active line of research. The most significant…
Recent observational results suggest that our universe is nearly flat and well modelled within a $\Lambda$CDM framework. The observed values of $\Omega_{m}$ and $\Omega_{\Lambda}$ inevitably involve uncertainties. Motivated by this, we make…
BL Lacertae objects are extreme extragalactic sources characterized by the emission of strong and rapidly variable nonthermal radiation over the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Synchrotron emission followed by inverse Compton scattering in…
We present a novel approach to measuring the expansion rate and the geometry of the Universe, which combine time-delay cosmography in lens galaxy clusters with pure samples of 'cosmic chronometers' (CCs) by probing the member galaxies. The…
We consider different aspects of the problem of cosmological singularity such as the BKL oscillatory approach to the singularity, the new features of the cosmological dynamics in the neighbourhood of the singularity in multidimensional and…
How did galaxies form and evolve? This is one of the most challenging questions in astronomy today. Answering it requires a careful combination of observational and theoretical work to reliably determine the observed properties of cosmic…
I briefly summarize the main tenets of unified schemes of BL Lacs and low-luminosity radio galaxies, discussing in particular the evolution of this field after the Como 1988 meeting. I also examine some of the open problems and…
A brief review of the present-day development of cosmology is presented for mixed physical audience. The universe history is briefly described. Unsolved problems are discussed, in particular, the mystery of the cosmological constant and…
Two exotic elements have been introduced into the standard cosmological model: non-baryonic dark matter and dark energy. The success in converting a hypothesis into a solid theory depends strongly on whether we are able to solve the…