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These lecture notes form a primer on the theory of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy formation. With emphasis on conceptual aspects rather than technical issues, we examine the physical foundations of anisotropy evolution in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Wayne Hu

Measurements of CMB anisotropy are ideal experiments for discovering the non-trivial global topology of the universe. To evaluate the CMB anisotropy in multiply-connected compact cosmological models, one needs to compute eigenmodes of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kaiki Taro Inoue

Recent satellite observations have revealed significant anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, a phenomenon that had previously been detected but received limited attention due to its subtlety. With the advent of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-10 S. Davood Sadatian , Amir Sabouri , Zahra Davari

By decomposing the damping tail of CMB anisotropies into a series of transfer functions representing individual physical effects, we provide ingredients that will aid in the reconstruction of the cosmological model from small-scale CMB…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Wayne Hu , Martin White

Techniques for computing the CMBR anisotropy from simulations of topological defects are discussed with an eye to getting as much information from a simulation as possible. Here we consider the practical details of which sums and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Albert Stebbins , Scott Dodelson

Since the discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in 1965, characterization of the CMB anisotropy angular power spectrum has become somewhat of a holy grail for experimental cosmology. Because CMB anisotropy measurements are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 A. D. Miller

We discuss the problems of applying Maximum Likelihood methods to the CMB and how one can make it both efficient and optimal. The solution is a generalised eigenvalue problem that allows virtually no loss of information about the parameter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andy Taylor , Alan Heavens , Bill Ballinger , Max Tegmark

Realizing the extraordinary scientific potential of the CMB requires precise measurements of its tiny anisotropies over a significant fraction of the sky at very high resolution. The analysis of the resulting datasets is a serious…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julian Borrill

The last years have been an exciting period for the field of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) research. With recent CMB balloon-borne and ground-based experiments we are entering a new era of 'precision' cosmology that enables us to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alessandro Melchiorri

The measurements of CMB anisotropy have opened up a window for probing the global topology of the universe on length scales comparable to and beyond the Hubble radius. We have developed a new method for calculating the CMB anisotropy in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tarun Souradeep , Dmitry Pogosyan , J. Richard Bond

Search for the statistical anisotropy in the CMB data is a powerful tool for constraining models of the early Universe. In this paper we focus on the recently proposed cosmological scenario with conformal rolling. We consider two…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 S. R. Ramazanov , G. I. Rubtsov

The quality of CMB observations has improved dramatically in the last few years, and will continue to do so in the coming decade. Over a wide range of angular scales, the uncertainty due to instrumental noise is now small compared to the…

Various data analyses of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provide observational hints of statistical isotropy breaking. Some of these features can be studied within the framework of primordial vector fields in inflationary theories…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 N. Bartolo , E. Dimastrogiovanni , M. Liguori , S. Matarrese , A. Riotto

Strong foreground contamination in high resolution CMB data requires masking which introduces statistical anisotropies and renders a full maximum likelihood analysis numerically intractable. Standard analysis methods like the pseudo-C_l…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-26 H. F. Gruetjen , E. P. S. Shellard

Much attention has been given to the problem of estimating cosmological parameters from the $C_l$ measured by future experiments. Many of the approaches which are being used either invoke poorly controlled approximations or are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Benjamin D. Wandelt , Eric Hivon , Krzysztof M. Gorski

We use quadratic maximum-likelihood (QML) estimators to constrain models with Gaussian but statistically anisotropic Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) fluctuations, using CMB maps with realistic sky-coverage and instrumental noise. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-06 Duncan Hanson , Antony Lewis

We formulate statistical isotropy of CMB anisotropy maps in its most general form. We also present a fast and orientation independent statistical method to determine deviations from statistical isotropy in CMB polarization maps. Importance…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Soumen Basak , Amir Hajian , Tarun Souradeep

We study the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in cold and mixed dark matter (CDM and MDM) models, with non scale-invariant primordial power spectra (i.e. $n \neq 1$) and a late, sudden reionization of the intergalactic…

Primordial magnetic fields present since before the epoch of matter-radiation equality have an effect on the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. The CMB anisotropies due to scalar perturbations are calculated in the gauge…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-02 Kerstin E. Kunze

This is the obligatory Cosmic Microwave Background review. I discuss the current status of CMB anisotropies, together with some points on the related topic of the Far-Infrared Background. We have already learned a number of important things…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas Scott