Related papers: Superluminal Recession Velocities
The cosmological Robertson-Walker metric of general relativity is often said to have the consequences that (1) the recessional velocity $v$ of a galaxy at proper distance $\ell$ obeys the Hubble law $v=H\ell$, and therefore galaxies at…
The extension of the so-called "empty" (with gravity and antigravity that compensate each other in full or do not exist at all) universe and cosmological redshift in it are considered in this paper. Its flat space-time can be submitted not…
Naively applying Hubble's law to a sufficiently distant object gives a receding velocity larger than the speed of light. By discussing a very similar situation in special relativity, we argue that Hubble's law is meaningful only for nearby…
We use standard general relativity to illustrate and clarify several common misconceptions about the expansion of the Universe. To show the abundance of these misconceptions we cite numerous misleading, or easily misinterpreted, statements…
The evolution of the universe from an initial dramatic event, the Big-Bang, is firmly established. Hubble's law [1] (HL) connects the velocity of galactic objects and their relative distance: v(r)=Hr, where H is the Hubble constant. In this…
We consider a spacetime with empty Schwarzschild-de Sitter exterior and Schwarzschild-de Sitter interior metric for a spherical fluid with constant density. The fluid interior may be taken to represent a galaxy supercluster, for which the…
All direct measurements of peculiar velocities of glaxies assume the Hubble law at low redshifts. However, it has been suggested by Segal et al (1993) that the correlation of redshifts and fluxes in a complete sample of IRAS galaxies is…
In all Friedman models, the cosmological redshift is widely interpreted as a consequence of the general-relativistic phenomenon of EXPANSION OF SPACE. Other commonly believed consequences of this phenomenon are superluminal recession…
Any calibration of the present value of the Hubble constant requires recession velocities and distances of galaxies. While the conversion of observed velocities into true recession velocities has only a small effect on the result, the…
Recent observations of distant supernovae imply, in defiance of expectations, that the universe growth is accelerating, contrary to what has always been assumed that the expansion is slowing down due to gravity. In this paper a…
An attempt to answer the question 'Can we observe galaxies that recede faster than light ?' led to a re-examination of the notions of time, distance, velocity and redshift as they occur in newtonian physics, special relativity, general…
Relying on the obtained results in Rev.[1](physics/0505035), we derive the formula relating the red-shift of light signals coming from distant galaxies to the distance of these galaxies from us and the time of detecting of these light…
To determine the relative distances and peculiar velocities of 140 groups and clusters of galaxies at low redshifts ($z$ < 0.12), we used the fundamental plane (FP) of early-type galaxies (from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data). We…
Recently E. Harrison has argued the Red Shift distance law proposed by Hubble and velocity-distance law developed later on theoretical grounds has no general proof demonstrating the two laws are actually equivalent. It is the purpose of…
Recent observations of high redshift Supernovae at lower than expected value of the Hubble constant, widely interpreted as an evidence for accelerating expansion of the Universe, could alternatively be explained assuming a hyperbolic…
A statistical method is presented for determining the velocity field in the immediate vicinity of groups of galaxies using only positional and redshift information with the goal of studying the perturbation of the Hubble flow around groups…
In this methodological note we discuss several topics related to interpretation of some basic cosmological principles. We demonstrate that one of the key points is the usage of synchronous reference frames. The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker…
Hubble Space Telescope images of high-redshift galaxies selected via color and photometric redshifts are used to examine the size and axial-ratio distribution of galaxies as a function of redshift at lookback times t > 8 Gyr. These…
We use the dynamics of a galaxy, set up initially at a constant proper distance from an observer, to derive and illustrate two counter-intuitive general relativistic results. Although the galaxy does gradually join the expansion of the…
Based on the cosmological principle and quantum Yang-Mills gravity in the super-macroscopic limit, we obtain an exact recession velocity and cosmic redshift z, as measured in an inertial frame $F\equiv F(t,x,y,z).$ For a matter-dominated…