Related papers: The Universe Traced by Clusters
The latest cosmological observables analyses seem to converge to a concordant view of the cosmological model: namely the power law Lambda-CDM. The recent WMAP results comfort this new standard model. Nevertheless, some degeneracy in the CMB…
We investigate effects of time evolution of a rich cluster of galaxies on its member galactic halos in the standard cold dark matter (SCDM) universe using high resolution N-body simulations. We identify several hundred galactic halos within…
Galaxies represent the visible fabric of the Universe and there has been considerable progress recently in both observational and theoretical studies. The underlying goal is to understand the present-day diversity of galaxy forms, masses…
This lecture is an introduction to cosmological tests with clusters of galaxies. Here I do not intend to provide a complete review of the subject, but rather to describe the basic procedures to set up the fitting machinery to constrain…
It is suggested that the recently observed size evolution of very massive compact galaxies in the early universe can be explained, if dark matter is in Bose Einstein condensate. In this model the size of the dark matter halos and galaxies…
Black holes (BHs) play a major role in the structural and dynamical evolutions of Globular Clusters (GCs). Several recent works searched for BHs in Galactic GCs using scaling relations derived from numerical simulations. However, the…
Galaxy haloes contain fundamental clues about the galaxy formation and evolution process: hierarchical cosmological models predict haloes to be ubiquitous, and to be (at least in part) the product of past merger and/or accretion events. The…
We examine the properties of dark matter halos within a rich galaxy cluster using a high resolution simulation that captures the cosmological context of a cold dark matter universe. The mass and force resolution permit the resolution of 150…
In this short note we discuss recent observation of linear correlation on log-log scale between distribution of dark and visible mass in gravitationally bound systems. The coefficient of such correlation appears to be essentially the same…
I critically discuss in a pedagogical and phenomenological way a few crucial tests challenging the claims by Pietronero and collaborators that there is no evidence from available galaxy catalogues that the Universe is actually homogeneous…
We assess how much unused strong lensing information is available in the deep \emph{Hubble Space Telescope} imaging and VLT/MUSE spectroscopy of the \emph{Frontier Field} clusters. As a pilot study, we analyse galaxy cluster…
The question of the nature of galaxy clustering and the possible homogeneity of galaxy distribution is one of the fundamental problem of cosmology. It is well established that galaxy structures are characterized, up to a certain scale, by…
We explore the use of strong lensing by galaxy clusters to constrain the dark energy equation of state and its possible time variation. The cores of massive clusters often contain several multiply imaged systems of background galaxies at…
There is strong evidence for a large fraction of dark matter in the Universe. Some of the evidence and candidates for dark matter are reviewed. Dark matter in spiral galaxies may be in the form of cold dense clouds of molecular hydrogen.…
In this Chapter I review the role that galaxy clusters play as tools to constrain cosmological parameters. I will concentrate mostly on the application of the mass function of galaxy clusters, while other methods, such as that based on the…
Over the past several decades, advances in telescope/detector technologies and deep imaging techniques have pushed surface brightness limits to ever fainter levels. We can now both detect and measure the diffuse, extended star light that…
X-ray observations have played a key role in the study of substructure and merging in galaxy clusters. I review the evidence for cluster substructure and mergers obtained from X-ray observations with satellites that operated before Chandra…
In hierarchical cosmologies the evolution of galaxy clustering depends both on cosmological quantities such as Omega and Lambda, which determine how dark matter halos form and evolve, and on the physical processes - cooling, star formation…
Galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing probe the connection between galaxies and their dark matter haloes in complementary ways. On one hand, the halo occupation statistics inferred from the observed clustering properties of galaxies…
In a galaxy cluster, galaxies are mostly collisionless particles in recent epoches. They resemble collisionless cold dark matter particles in some way. Therefore, the spatial distributions of dark matter and cluster galaxies might be…